Statins are first-line medications that are used to prevent cardiovascular diseases. They reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death by an average of 25-30%. Despite the safety and relative tolerability of statins, observational and clinical studies as well as meta-analyses have shown that statins may increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Statins have been proven to increase insulin resistance and reduce insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells
Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) is one of the most common neuroendocrine syndromes which can be either a manifestation of an independent disease (pituitary tumors) or a syndrome that accompanies a number of other diseases of the hypothalamic-pituitary zone, endocrine diseases, pathology of internal organs, lesions of the central nervous system, and can also be iatrogenic (drug-induced HPRL). HPRL is more common in women but can also occur in men with various reproductive and sexual health disorders. Many drugs can cause HPRL. In order to establish the frequency of occurrence of this problem in the clinical practice of an internist, an analysis of the literature was carried out. Articles related to HPRL induced by specific types of drugs were reviewed. This review presents the current views of domestic and foreign authors on the causes and mechanisms of development of HPRL.
Детская поликлиника № 2 г. Гродно, Гродно, Беларусь Механизм р азвития инсулинорезистентности до конца не расшифрован. Нарушения, приводящие к инсулинорезистентности, могут происходить на следующих уровнях сигнального пути инсулина: пререцепторном (аномальный инсулин), рецепторном (снижение количества или аффинности рецепторов), на уровне транспорта глюкозы (снижение количества молекул GLUT4) и пострецепторном (нарушения передачи сигнала). В статье проанализирован сигнальный путь инсулина и рассмотрено влияние мутаций генов на передачу сигнала и транспортировку глюкозы в клетку.
Gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnant women. An in-depth study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of gestational diabetes mellitus will allow more accurate prediction of the course, adverse perinatal and long-term metabolic consequences, and will also contribute to the development of effective technologies for the prevention and management of this pathology.
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