Експериментальна медицина і морфологіяУкраїнський журнал медицини, біології та спорту -Том 4, № 4 (20) 51Негативное воздействие высоких температур сопровождает человека в процессе трудовой деятельности. Перегревание вызывает длительные структурно-функциональные изменения в организме, которые способствуют развитию деструктивных процессов. На этом фоне не проводилось изучение ответной реакции измененной щитовидной железы на использование медикаментозных средств анаболического ряда восстанавливающих возможные изменения внутриорганного обмена, в частности инозина.Целью исследования явилось определение морфометрических характеристик щитовидной железы после длительного перегревания с сочетанным применением инозина.Исследование проведено на 60 половозрелых крысах-самцах линии Вистар с исходной массой 180-230 г. (в возрасте 10-12 недель). Экзогенная гипертермия создавалась при помощи термической камеры. I группу составили контрольные крысы, которые находились в термокамере в течение 5 часов при температуре 21 °С ежедневно на протяжении 60 суток, II группуживотные, у которых воспроизводили хроническую гипертермию средней тяжести (42,0-43,1 °С) с сочетанным введением инозина. Гипертермию моделировали с 8 часов утра до 13.00 (по 5 часов ежедневно) на протяжении 60 дней. Инозин вводили внутрижелудочно (через желудочный зонд) 1 раз в сутки за 1 час до помещения крыс в камеру в течение 60 суток.После окончания моделирования шестидесятидневной гипертермии, на 1, 7, 15, 30 и 60 сутки реадаптации, животных выводили из эксперимента декапитацией под эфирным наркозом.Установлено, что морфометрические изменения, такие как увеличение диаметра и площади фолликулов, увеличение площади коллоида, снижение высоты и площади тиреоидного эпителия, увеличение количества тироцитов в фолликуле, повышение ИНК и снижение ФКИ, снижение радиуса и площади ядер свидетельствуют о снижении функции щитовидной железы, развившейся при моделировании хронической гипертермии средней степени и применении инозина, по сравнению с контрольными животными, во все сроки наблюдения. Максимальное снижение приходится на начальные сроки наблюдения (1 и 7 сутки), а к 30 и 60 суткам реадаптации снижение незначительно.Ключевые слова: щитовидная железа, морфометрические показатели, хроническая гипертермия, инозин, крысы.Связь работы с научными программами, планами, темами. Данная работа выполнена в соответствии с планом научных исследований Харьковского национального медицинского университета МОЗ Украины, и является составной частью научно-исследовательской темы кафедры анатомии человека «Морфологические особенности органов и систем тела человека на этапах онтогенеза», № гос. регистрации 0114U004149.Введение. Высокие температуры и как следствиеперегревание, часто сопровождают деятельность человека в условиях работы в горячих цехах, у работников стекольных заводов, у горнорабочих угольных шахт. В ответ на перегревание выявлены опосредованные долгосрочные структурно-функциональные изменения, которые часто являются следствием развития деструктивных процессов в организме [7,9,1...
Non-compliance to treatment recommendations of patients with chronic diseases is a global medical problem that significantly affects the effectiveness of treatment, leading to serious medical and economic consequences. Sufficient research on the problem of non-compliance with medical recommendations has led to the creation of a holistic concept of medical compliance. The purpose of the work was to estimate the main factors influencing the compliance to antihypertensive therapy of middle age patients with Arterial hypertension. Material and methods. We investigated 40 patients 50-60 years old (mean age 56.6±4.5 years) with Essential Arterial hypertension. Socio-demographic, clinical, pathopsychological, psycho-diagnostic methods (Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, self-assessment anxiety scale Charles D. Spielberger – Y. L Hanin, the Scale of Internality in relation to health and illness, the study of the self-esteem of mental states by H. J. Eysenck, the study of the level of depression by the Beck Depression Inventory), mathematical and statistical methods were used. Results and discussion. With the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale survey, we distinguished three groups of patients: with high (22.5%), middle (27.5%) and low (50.0%) levels of adherence to the combined therapy of hypertension. Socio-demographic factors in patients with low adherence to treatment were determined by lower level of education and absence of continuous marital relations. Clinical characteristics of patients with low compliance level included the presence of 3rd degree of severity, I stage of the Arterial hypertension, often comorbidities (Diabetes Mellitus 2nd type, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Ischemic Heart disease), long tobacco smoking. According to the psychopathological and psycho-diagnostic examination, patients with an internal type of personality control, low anxiety and depression mostly showed the low level of compliance and also more frequent aggressiveness in the self-esteem of mental states (p <0.05). Conclusion. Thus, patients of middle age with Essential arterial hypertension very often (up to 78%) showed the insufficient level of adherence to antihypertensive treatment. Socio-demographic, clinical and psychopathological factors significantly affect the level of compliance in these patients. Improving the effectiveness of therapy of Arterial hypertension in such patients is possible due to optimization of treatment regimens, wide introduction of psycho-diagnosis and psycho-correction with the involvement of psychologists into this process
ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ДІАГНОСТИКИ РЕСПІРАТОРНИХ ЕСКТРАЕЗОФАГЕАЛЬНИХ СИМПТОМІВ ГАСТРОЕЗОФАГЕАЛЬНОЇ РЕФЛЮКСНОЇ ХВОРОБИ 1 ВДНЗ України «Буковинський державний медичний університет», Чернівці 2 Чернівецький державний університет ім. Ю. Федьковича, Україна 3 ВДНЗ України «Харківський державний медичний університет»
According to the latest data from the World Health Organization experts, the incidence of diabetes mellitus in economically developed countries of the world is up to 6% of the population. Throughout the world and in Ukraine in particular, diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic non-infectious diseases. Complications of diabetes mellitus occupy the third place among various causes of death. The use of modern pharmacological agents in the treatment of diabetes mellitus does not solve all the problems of this difficult and multifaceted pathology, therefore the search for non-pharmacological methods of physical therapy and rehabilitation of such patients remains relevant and has been studied insufficiently. In addition, an effective combination of drug and physical treatment methods can accelerate the achievement of diabetes compensation, prevent or cause regression of the development of neurovascular complications. The purpose of the study was to discuss the possibilities of the influence of physical therapy on the course of diabetes mellitus and the development of diabetic complications at the current stage. Results. In accordance with modern requirements, rehabilitation of patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications is carried out in acute, subacute and long-term rehabilitation periods at the inpatient and outpatient stages of treatment. Properly dosed physical activity has a positive effect on all types of metabolism; this may allow to reduce the level of glycemia, increase the number of insulin receptors and their sensitivity, as well as reduce the doses of hypoglycemic drugs. Physical therapy has a positive effect on the condition of the central and peripheral nervous system, the disorders of which are important in the development of diabetic complications. The level of physical exertions should correspond to the patient's state of health, his/her physical capabilities, taking into account the stage and state of compensation of the disease, the presence of diabetic complications. The probability of success in physical therapy for such patients depends on the complex of physical therapy tools in combination with physiotherapeutic methods and massage. The effectiveness and safety of the physical therapy should be monitored by the dynamics of glycemia, glycosuria, and body weight. Conclusion. Therefore, the modern strategy of complex management of diabetic patients from the standpoint of physical and rehabilitation medicine involves a multidisciplinary approach with the inclusion of effective means of physical therapy, rehabilitation technologies, physiotherapeutic methods, as well as ergotherapeutic measures aimed at increasing functional reserves, compensation of impaired vascular and innervation mechanisms, regeneration capabilities, secondary prevention of diabetic complications, social adaptation and restoration of working capacity of patients
Secondary arterial hypertension is the arterial hypertension, the etiology of which can be established. Secondary arterial hypertension becomes the cause of elevated blood pressure in 5–10% of patients with hypertension. More than 50 diseases and clinical conditions contributing to the development of secondary arterial hypertension have been identified. In most cases, such arterial hypertension is characterized by high blood pressure, an unfavorable prognosis of the disease, and a high frequency of cardiovascular complications. However, in some forms of it, timely diagnosis and adequate treatment allow to achieve normalization of blood pressure and prevent the development of complications. In cases of the secondary arterial hypertension, in addition to antihypertensive therapy, drug treatment or surgical treatment of the underlying disease that caused hypertension is required. Knowledge of modern diagnostics and principles of treatment of these conditions has to improve the quality of care for patients suffering from hypertension. The purpose of the study was to consider the main clinical, pathogenic, diagnostic and pharmacotherapeutic aspects of the secondary arterial hypertension of endocrine genesis. Secondary endocrine arterial hypertensions develop in diabetes mellitus, hyperaldosteronism primary (Kon's syndrome) and pseudoprimary (idiopathic hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex), Itsenko-Cushing syndrome, pheochromocytoma, pheochromoblastoma, paraganglioma, acromegaly, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, etc. Each of these diseases has a special etiopathogenesis of arterial hypertension, which makes it necessary to carry out special screening and diagnostic tests in order to prescribe reasonable therapy. In the management of patients with secondary endocrine arterial hypertension, there cannot be universal approaches to the appointment of antihypertensive drugs, instead, an individualized approach contributes to effective control of the disease and prevention of possible complications. Conclusion. So, taking into account the high and progressive incidence of arterial hypertension worldwide, the high frequency of life-threatening complications, a large number of risk factors, constant updating of knowledge on the clinical, pathogenic, diagnostic and pharmacotherapeutic aspects of the management of such patients becomes extremely relevant. A significantly large part of secondary arterial hypertension in the structure of this pathology requires special attention of practicing doctors regarding differential diagnosis, especially in the cohort of young patients. Information about features of the pathogenic therapy of the secondary arterial hypertension of endocrine origin is necessary for a wide range of doctors of various specialties for the maximum effective management of such patients
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.