A study was conducted at Badnapur in the district of Jalna on the behavior of two hundred and forty-eight pigeonpea germplasm lines representing different levels of resistance to pigeonpea wilt disease. Out of 248 germplasm lines Resistant (R), Moderately Resistant (MR), Moderately Susceptible (MS), Susceptible (S), Highly Susceptible (HS) and Very Highly Susceptible (VHS) reaction was given by 2, 8, 10, 25, 131 and 72 entries, respectively. Germplasm lines GL<sub>4</sub> (7088) and GL<sub>90</sub> (ICP-8863) expressed significantly highest resistance over the rest of germplasm lines tested. All the intraplot sickness checks at all sites from SCS<sub>1</sub> to SCS<sub>50</sub> responded with significantly highest wilt (%) and were at par indicating uniform inoculum load throughout the sick plot. In testing stability of resistance in donor lines, it was revealed that 9 donors responded with significantly least wilt (%) having consistent Resistant “R” reaction thereby indicating their stability as resistance donors.
An experiment was carried out at the Oil seed Research Unit, Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth Parbhani, Maharashtra, India to evaluate the efficacy of different chemicals and bioagents against seed/soil borne diseases of safflower on disease incidence (PI or DI). Significantly low disease severity (DS) and low disease incidence (DI) were recorded in treatment withT 7 , that is, Trichoderma harzianum Th4d sc at 2 ml/kg to the tune of 41.66% in Fusarium sp, 08.33% in Rhizoctonia sp, 06.66% in Phytophthora sp, 04.33% in Alternaria leaf spot and 03.33% in Cercospora leaf spot , respectively, in comparison with the untreated control. The seed yield data indicated that T. harzianum produced highest seed yield (2778 kg/ha) followed by Captan at 0.2% (2115 kg/ha) and Carbendazim+Mancozeb (SAFF) at 0.2% (2114 kg/ha). High infestation of safflower seeds by causal agents of seed/soil borne foot and root rots, reduction of seed germination and considerable infection transmission from seed to seedling were determined. Fungicide seed treatments, T 1 to T 8 , markedly decreased incidence of diseases. Though the treatment with T 7 , that is, T. harzianum recorded the disease incidence, it produced the highest yield.
The 30 genotypes of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) were studied for genetic diversity for nine different quantitative traits. Genotypes were grouped into eleven clusters. Cluster I was the largest cluster with 11 genotypes followed by cluster II with 7 genotypes, cluster V, IX, XI with 2 genotypes each while, cluster III, IV, VI, VII, VIII and X were solitary. The calculated D2 values varied from 2.37 to 12.05. The maximum intra cluster distance was observed for cluster XI and inter cluster distance was maximum between cluster X and V. Highest mean values showed by cluster IX for characters inflorescence length, inflorescence per plant, plant height, branches per plant, Seed volume weight, seed yield days to flowering and maturity. Cluster III showed highest mean value for characters branches per plant, inflorescence per plant, inflorescence length, inflorescence width and Seed volume weight. The character days to maturity (28.97 %) showed maximum contribution towards the total divergence. It was followed by inflorescence width (20.00 %), no of branches per plant (14.94 %), days to 50 % flowering (14.48 %), seed volume weight/10 ml (7.13 %) and inflorescence length (5.98). Based on inter-cluster distance, intra-cluster distance and per se performance the genotypes viz., EC-896097, EC-896108, EC-896212, EC-896209 and IC-411824 can be used for future breeding programme.
SUMMARY :Seeds play vital role for the healthy production of crop and they are known to carry pathogens which cause poor seed health. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) occupies prominent place in the agricultural wealth and economy of the country. Safflower being rich source of proteins and edible oil has focused attention of farmers. Studies on seed mycoflora have greatly increased in the recent past in view of their importance as diseases carriers, deteriorating agents and also as toxin produces. In vitro efficacy of various seed dresser fungicides (systemic and non systemic) on the seed mycoflora improving per cent seed germination, seedling vigour, per cent seedling mortality and per cent infection. It was observed that maximum seed infection with A. carthami was recorded in treatment Thiram+ Carbendazim (10.50%) and minimum seed infection with M. phaseolina Thiram + Mancozeb (0.00%), respectively. Effect of nine seed dresser fungicides on the per cent seedling vigour during the studies it was observed that fungicides improving the per cent seedling vigour and reducing per cent seedling mortality by rolled towel paper method. Maximum per cent of seedling vigour observed in Thirum + Mancozeb (16%) and minimum per cent of seedling vigour observed in treatment Thiram+ Carbendazim (13%). In per cent seedling mortality the there was no mortality observed in 24 and 48 hrs. The lowest per cent seedling mortality was observed in seed treatment Thirum + Mancozeb (5.5%) and maximum per cent in the Thirum + Carbendazim (10.9%) at 72 hrs.How to cite this article : Gholve, V.M., Ghuge, S.B., Pawar, S.V. and Barde, P.T. (2017). In vitro efficacy of various seed dresser on seed mycoflora of safflower.
Survey was conducted in four districts of Marathwada region of Maharashtra during Rabi 2013 to know the incidence and intensity of leaf blight disease caused by Alternaria carthami. The disease was predominant in all the districts surveyed. Highest per cent disease incidence and intensity was reported in Hingoli (42.08 and 38.46 %, respectively). This was followed by Nanded (40.07 and 36.03 %, respectively).How to view point the article : Gholve, V.M., Pawar, S.V. and Wagh, S.S. (2016). Survey for incidence and severity of Alternaria blight of safflower in different districts of Marathwada region. Internat. J. Plant Protec., 9(1) : 219-222.
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