This article presents a method of simulation modeling that is broadly used in regional process studies. Based on this model, we have developed a system of supporting decision making intended for regional development. Potential development scenarios for the Rostov oblast have been elaborated using sta tistical data about the region.
To assess the consequences of the socio-economic policy implemented in the region, it is necessary to be able to evaluate the standard of living and the quality of life of the population not only in statics, but also in dynamics. At some point, the region may not be in the best situation in terms of the standard of living and the quality of life of the population, but if it demonstrates “movement” in the right direction for several years, it can be the basis for a positive assessment of the socio-economic policy implemented in the region. The authors have developed an approach to the dynamic analysis of the trajectory of “movement” of a region in the two-dimensional space “standard of living – quality of life”. The researchers propose to use the minimum number of special selected indicators to improve the objectivity of assessing the standard of living and the quality of life of the regional population. To assess the standard of living of the regional population, the indicator “average per capita income of the population” is selected, and to assess the quality of life of the population, the indicator “life expectancy at birth” is selected. The authors propose to use not absolute values of indicators, but their ratio to the average Russian value of the same indicator in a given year in order to provide a common base for comparing regions on indicators that reflect the standard of living and the quality of life of the regional population for several years. We can judge the success of the socio-economic policy in the region during the analyzed period according to the trajectory of the region’s movement in the space “standard of living – quality of life”. The authors present the results of testing the proposed approach on the example of analyzing trajectories of “movement” of the Federal districts of the Russian Federation in the space “standard of living – quality of life” for the period 2005–2017.
The subject of the study is approaches to conducting a comparative assessment of the activities of senior officials and executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The object of the study is the regions (subjects of the Russian Federation). The author analyzes the main approaches to conducting such a comparative assessment, including those used in the Government Methodology for evaluating the activities of senior officials and executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Based on the identified shortcomings of existing approaches, the author suggests a new approach to conducting a comparative assessment of the activities of senior officials and executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation, based on the use of a minimum set of objective indicators characterizing the level and quality of life of the population of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The author's approach is based on the comparison of the level and quality of life of the population of the subjects of the Russian Federation as the main results of the activities of senior officials and executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation. To assess the standard of living of the population of the region, it is proposed to use the indicator "the size of the real per capita income of the population", and to assess the quality of life of the population - the indicator "life expectancy at birth". For a visual comparison of regions in statics and dynamics, it is proposed to track the place and trajectory of the image of the region in the space of two coordinates corresponding to the level and quality of life of the population of the region. To differentiate regions in accordance with the results achieved, it is proposed to use a quantitative measure of the distance between the indifference curves in the specified coordinate space. Thus, the proposed approach has a number of advantages, and can be used both by the executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation and by researchers to conduct a comparative assessment and choose ways to improve the level and quality of life of the population of the regions.
The results of an adequate assessment of the socio-economic state and directions of development of any region are necessary for both regional and federal authorities. The choice of a right strategy for improving the quality and standard of living of the population of a given region depends on this assessment. The authors propose a new approach to obtaining a static and dynamic picture of the results of the implementation of socio-economic policy in a region, which directly affects the quality and standard of living of its population. Widely used approaches based on the calculation of one integral indicator or on the comparison of particular indicators of the quality and standard of living of region’s population do not allow us to obtain a consistent and objective picture of the socio-economic development. The proposed approach is based on the analysis of the trajectory of “movement” of a region in space of two coordinates that objectively reflect the quality and standard of living of population. An indicator “average per capita income of the population” is selected to assess the standard of living, and an indicator “life expectancy at birth” is selected to assess the quality of life. Static assessment allows to get a picture of a location of regions in the space of these two selected coordinates and to get a basis for conducting an interregional comparison, as well as to assess the quality and standard of living of the population of a region in comparison with average Russian values. Dynamic assessment allows to obtain information about changes in the level and quality of life of the population of a region over a selected time period, analyze positive and negative trends in certain areas of the constructed trajectory, assess the consequences of decisions taken by the authorities of this region in the implementation of tasks for condition improvement. The proposed approach allows us to obtain consistent results that enable us to assess the achieved level of implementation of the socio-economic policy in a region in comparison to other regions, as well as during a selected time interval.
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