Superconducting magnets in the SIS100 particle accelerator require the supply of liquid helium and electric current. Both are transported with by-pass lines designed at Wrocław University of Technology. Bus-bars used to transfer an electric current between the sections of the accelerator will be encased in a steel shell. Eddy currents are expected to appear in the shell during fast-ramp operation of magnets. Heat generation, which should be limited in any cryogenic system, will appear in the shell. In this work the amount of heat generated is assessed depending on the geometry of an assembly of the bus-bars and the shell. Numerical and analytical calculations are described. It was found that heat generation in the shell is relatively small when compared to other sources present in the accelerator and its value strongly depends on the geometry of the shell. The distribution of eddy currents and generated heat for different geometrical options are presented. Based on the results of the calculations the optimal design is proposed.
One of the most important parameters, crucial to applications of superconductors in cryo-electrotechnique, is power loss. Measurements of losses in superconducting long sample wires require AC magnetic fields of a special geometry and appropriate high homogeneity. In the paper part of the theoretical basis for calculations and a simple design method for a race-track coil set are presented. An example of such home-made coils, with a magnetic field uniformity of about 0.2 % over the range of about 8 cm, is given. Also a simple electronic measurement system for the determination of AC magnetization loss in samples of superconducting tapes is presented.
Inductive magnetometers used for measurements in pulsed magnetic fields should have proper frequency characteristics. In the present work we describe the construction of an inductive magnetometer for measurements of the magnetic moment in pulsed magnetic fields, together with the calculation procedures for determination of its sensitivity. We present a method for determination of the effective coefficient of the coupling between the coils set (gradiometer) and cylindrical samples, as well as a method for calculation of the thermal noise in the measuring system. The determination of the effective coupling coefficient permits a straightforward connection of the value of the measured signal with the magnetic moment of the sample and calibration of the gradiometer in absolute units. In the work we also present, as examples, some experimental hysteresis loops of pulse magnetization measurements for some ferromagnetic samples and a single crystal of high temperature superconductor. The results were obtained using our homemade pulse magnet and magnetometer with a gradiometer designed and constructed on basis of presented here calculations.
Steady state measurements of the high critical currents in superconducting composite wires and tapes might be burdened with some errors. The origin of the errors is mainly associated with the Joule heat generated at current leads contacts, which at high transport currents can considerably increase temperature of an investigated sample wire. To avoid this unwanted heating phenomenon pulsed current methods are widely used. A waveform of the current pulse is usually shaped by means of a series RLC circuit with the subcritical dumping condition. Measurement results (i.e., a value of current peak, its time derivative, and a voltage drop along a superconducting sample) are recorded by means of a 4-channels, 12-bit resolution, 50 ns sampling time, digital recorder. Very low noise, broadband, voltage preamplifiers, based on rf bipolar transistors, were designed and fabricated. From the data, current-voltage characteristics are plotted and then the critical currents of investigated tapes are determined. Presented in the work our home-made, low noise, measurement setup allows to obtain a current pulse of about 4000 A at duration time of several milliseconds.
In the paper we report experimental results of AC magnetization losses in a multi-filamentary BSCCO-2223 superconducting composite tape due to coaxial AC and DC magnetic fields subjected perpendicularly to the plane of the tape. Such superposition of magnetic fields usually leads to some reduction of magnetization losses. A distinguished minimum in the AC loss is observed, at a certain DC bias magnetic field and at a certain fixed magnetic field amplitude. It is shown that the minimum of the AC losses very strongly depends on magnetic history of the investigated tape, which is directly related to the magnetic flux trapping within tape's superconducting filaments region. Measurements were carried out with a sinusoidally varying magnetic fields at amplitudes up to 100 mT and a superimposed DC magnetic field up to 50 mT, at frequency range of 21-113 Hz.
The influence of the shape of voltage signals (excitation and raference) in a RF souio magnetometer, on t h e dynamics of the approach to the stationary state, in response to a jump of magnetic flux, is analysed. The reduced time required for reaching a particular final accuracy has been determined. The best combinations of signal forms, excitation and reference, capable of shortening the settling time without degradation of t h e accuracy have been found.
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