A new e llip soidal mirror re Aec to me te r is d esc rib ed, in whi c h radi a nt Au x from a n infrared mo noc hro lll a t (>I-is fo c use d on a specimen placed a t th e firs t foca l po int of th e ell ip so id a nd a th e rm o pil e d e tec tor is pla cet! at th e seco nd. Errors assoc iat ed with a n gul ar a nd a rea l variation s in se ns iti vity of th e det ector a nd wi th aberra ti o ns in th e opt ics we re largely e limin a te d thro ugh use of a s ma ll ave ragin g s ph e re pl aced ove r th e d e tector. Losses ca used by th e presc nce of th e e nt ra nee ho le in th c el lipsoidal m ir ror a nd frolll mirror abso rption we re e va lu a ted both th eoreti ca ll y a nd ex pe rim e nt a ll y. Co rrecti o ns for th ese losses pe rmitt ed abso lute re Acc ta nce to be o btain ed for bo th d iffu se and parti a ll y diffu se re Aec tin g s pecim e ns. In additi on, th e uniqu e op ti cs of th e e lli pso id a l mirro r provid e more ve rsa tilit y th an is ava il able in Ilrcv iou s re Hec to me te rs. Thi s ve rsa tilit y in c lu d es th e ab ilit y to acc ura te ly meas ure direc ti o na l-he mi s p he ri ca l, s pec ul ar, nons llec ular , and direc ti o na l-a nnul a r co ne re Aec tan ce. An a nal ys is of the acc uracy of th e in s trum e nt indi ca tes th a t an acc uracy of be tt e r th a n one pe r ce nt is poss ibl e fo r a ll e ng in ee rin g materia ls. Th e li se of th e s ulfur ave rag in g s ph e re a lso allowed the cons tru c ti o n of a s impl e acc u ra te s pec ul a r re Aec tome te r for ca li bration of th e mirror re fe re nce stand a rd s use d in th ese meas urement s.Key Words : Avera gin g sp heres, bidirect ional re fl ec t ali ce, diffu se re fl ec tance , e llipso ida l re Aee to me te r, infrared, infra re d det ec tors , re Hec tan ce . re Aee tollle te r, s pat ia l se ns itivit y, s pec tral refle c ta nce, spee ular re Aec tanc e.
An instrument is described that measures irradiance and the angular distribution of the intensity of ultraviolet radiation sources inside phototherapy cabinets. Failed lamps and lamps with higher or lower outputs are readily identified. The measurements are controlled from outside the cabinet, thus reducing the risk to staff from exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
The commercial FT-IR market has grown to a respectable $8,000,000 annual business area. It is of importance to both the users and suppliers alike that this market continues to solidify its gains and embark into new areas and applications. This paper reviews the evolution of commercial FT-IR in the context of the over-all infrared field. The purpose of the review is to discuss the progress to date and to relate the growth of this field to the future. The future uses of the FT-IR are projected as well as the requirements for new instrumentation.
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