a b s t r a c tThree model ODS alloys (Fe-0.3Y 2 O 3 , Fe-0.2Ti-0.3Y 2 O 3 and Fe-14Cr-0.2Ti-0.3Y 2 O 3 ) were prepared by ball milling and then hot extrusion to study the effect of Ti and Cr on the size, distribution, crystal structure and composition of the nano-oxide particles. All alloys were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), atom probe tomography (APT) and synchrotron-X-ray diffraction (S-XRD) to determine the distribution, structure and composition of the oxide nanoparticles samples. The median particle sizes were 9.6 nm, 7.7 nm and 3.7 nm for the Fe-Y 2 O 3 , Fe-Ti-Y 2 O 3 and Fe-Cr-Ti-Y 2 O 3 alloys, respectively, so the presence of Ti resulted in a significant reduction in oxide particle diameter and the addition of Cr gave a further reduction in size. In the Fe-0.3Y 2 O 3 alloy, the particles are found to be bcc Y 2 O 3 , whereas in the other two alloys (Fe-Ti-0.3Y 2 O 3 and Fe-Cr-Ti-Y 2 O 3 ), the oxide particles were found to be structurally consistent with both orthorhombic Y 2 TiO 5 and fcc Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 . Detailed APT studies showed Cr shells around oxide particles of all sizes in the Fe-Cr-Ti-Y 2 O 3 alloy, that a range of cluster compositions are present and that the particle chemistry varies with cluster size. We show that the addition of Cr has a strong effect on both the size and stoichiometry of the particles.
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