Disorders in sexual function constitute one of the most prevalent and least discussed problems following head injury. The disorders are often the outcome of an interaction between the neurological sequelae, the psychological makeup of the individual, and the sociocultural context of the couple. In a study of 34 head-injured patients, only 13 reached their premorbid level of sexual functioning over a period of 1 year. Deviant behavior, total loss of sexual function, and sexual dysfunction were noted in the rest. Deviant behavior was consistently associated with frontal lobe damage. Otherwise, neurological indices of head injury in the dysfunctional group were not different from those of the clinically recovered group. Associated psychiatric disturbances, gender-role differences, the impact on the marital harmony of the couple, and the role of sociocultural beliefs in the etiology of the disorders are analyzed and discussed, with a particular emphasis on Indian culture.
Background:Executive functions constitute the core deficit in schizophrenic illness and have been related to structural and functional deficits, cognitive impairments and final outcome.Aim:To study the various dimensions of executive functions such as goal formulation, planning, behavioural programming and effective performance.Methods:By using direct and indirect clinical neuropsychological methods, 31 patients were studied neuropsychologically by the trail-making test (TMT), Raven matrices and fluency tests, and their symptom patterns were quantified using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).Results:The patients had varying degrees of involvement of different dimensions of executive functions. There was an inverse relationship to TMT and a positive correlation with Raven matrices and fluency tests.Conclusion:The dimensions of executive functions did not show any significant relationship with age, duration of illness or most scores in PANSS. Our findings are relevant for remediation and rehabilitation measures.
Persistence of alcohol abuse in the head injured Patient is marked by a more severe p;ychosocial dysfunction and behavioral morbidity. A group of twenty seven head injured persons w i t h persistent alcohol abuse were compared w i t h seventeen head injured patients w h o were abusers prior t o the head injury. A t eighteen months after head injury, t h e abusers showed more neurobehavioral sequelae than the controls. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Substantial number of parents owing to ignorance, illiteracy and lack of proper and effective treatments used to take their children for various interventions such as magico-religious treatments, alternative medicines and unproved treatment modalities. AIMThe aim was to study the resource utilisation of the families of intellectual disability by taking a longitudinal history of various attempts to care children by the caregivers. MATERIALS AND METHODSIn an explorative study of resource utilisation of the families of intellectually disabled children, 30 families attending a special school for intellectual disability were randomly chosen. The longitudinal history of attempts at care of the child through various alternate methods, their socio-demographic details, their perception of the problem, experiences with various systems of management and the resource utilisations were studied by a semi-structured questionnaire, which was formulated after doing a pilot study on 10 caregivers. RESULTSIt was made out that most of the caregivers spent beyond their resources to somehow bring about an improvement. Moreover, they were wary of the possible adverse effects of drugs in allopathy and were disappointed by the lack of quick improvement. Advice by well-meaning relatives and trial for the sake of trying were other reasons. DISCUSSIONEarly diagnosis, proper guidance, care rather than cure, communicating the limitations of treatment and emphasis on possible rehabilitation methods, coordination among the various health care providers were identified as better remedial measures.
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