The shear strength of trabecular bone from the femur has been studied. In general, the strongest trabecular bone is found close to the cortico-cancellous junction, though its shear strength depends also on the relationship of the trabeculae to the plane of shear. Some factors affecting the shear strength of the cement-bone interface have been investigated. In vitro, maximal cement-bone interface shear strength is obtained by exposing and thoroughly cleaning strong trabecular bone, and then forcing onto it under pressure low viscosity cement.
The effects of 12 clinically relevant variables upon the basic mechanical properties of acrylic cement are reported. Attention is drawn to the facts that these variables may at times coexist to lead to serious reductions in the strength of the cement, and that the operating surgeon may exercise a substantial influence on the effective mechanical properties of the cement he is using.
The mechanical properties of a number of commercially available bone cements have been investigated. Tests were carried out on specimens in compression, in bending and in tension. Using the compression test as a standard, the effects of the following variables were studied: the addition of antibiotics, strain rate, environmental temperature, and age. It was concluded that age, temperature and rate of straining have a marked effect on the strength of the cement, while the addition of small quantities of antibiotics only marginally weakens the cement.
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