Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), the Colorado potato beetle (potato beetle), is the most destructive potato pest in Serbia. Up to four pesticide treatments are necessary for its control. Insecticide resistance of the potato beetle in Serbia is well-investigated and documented, especially to organophosphates and carbamates. Toxicity of chlorpyriphos (organophosphates) and carbosulfan (carbamates) was investigated by topical application, using adults of the first generation from nine field populations. Adults of all populations possessed a certain level of resistance to both insecticides, with very low regression slopes (0.50-1.09 for chlorpyriphos and 0.57-0.85 for carbosulfan). Resistance ratios for chlorpyriphos ranged from 1.0 to 109.7 and from 1.0 to 52.8 for carbosulfan. There was no correlation between resistance to chlorpyriphos and carbosulfan. The key modes of resistance to organophosphates and carbamates are metabolism [overproduction of aliesterase (ALiE), a carboxylesterase] and altering the target site of acetylcholine esterase (AChE). Biochemical research of potato beetle resistance to organophosphates and carbamates, based on activity of ALiE and AChE, proved that the key mode of resistance to organophosphates was modification of ALiE and AChE to carbamates. Our results correspond to this research concerning the lack of correlation between resistances to these two insecticides. A certain level of resistance of the potato beetle to organophosphates and carbamates is widespread in Serbia. Different modes of resistance suggest the possibilities of control of this pest, such as choice of insecticide and insecticide rotation, wherever possible.
High antifeedancy and low toxicity of the plant preparation Neem (azadirachtin), on the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar L. larvae were proved under laboratory conditions. A high index of Neem antifeedancy was confirmed in all tested concentrations. Under laboratory conditions the Neem had satisfying antifeedancy on Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say third instar larvae too. Field experiments also proved that the foliage protective effect of Neem was very significant. Experiments showed that some antifeedants or repellents, such as Neem, should control olygophagous (L. decemlineata, Coleoptera) insects as well as very polyphagous insects such as L. dispar (Lepidoptera). As a biological, plant‐derived preparation, Neem could be suitable for integrated pest management (IPM) programs, especially in small orchards, parks, and tree rows in urban environments and on small private gardens.
The efficacy of a new class of insecticide (chloronicotinyl) Mospilan 20 SP (a. i. acetamiprid), compared with Lannate 90 SL (a. i. methomyl) and Applaud WP 25 (a. i. buprofezin), in glasshouse control of whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) on tomatoes, was investigated.All investigated insecticides significantly decreased the number of whitefly larvae, compared with untreated plots where population density grew during the trial. Based on statistical analysis, efficacy of all insecticides on whitefly larvae were in the same category. Some differences occurred 7 days after the third treatment. Deposited egg number was significantly different between checks and each insecticide plot. Efficacy of investigated insecticides, evaluated according to deposited egg number, was also good and in the same category. Zabel, A. et al.: Control of T. vaporariorum by Acetamiprid U.S.
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