In this paper 33 cases of colloid cyst of the 3rd ventricle are presented. The initial symptoms as well as the clinical syndromes are quite variable, but usually consist of a combination of signs of increased intracranial pressure and an organic dementia, progressive or paroxysmal. Computed tomography is an invaluable diagnostic tool and it seems that, since it has become widely used in the evaluation of patients with headaches or dementia, colloid cysts are being recognized with increasing frequency. Different modalities of treatment are discussed. The transcortical and transcallosal approaches are both effective techniques, but the latter is probably preferable in cases with mild ventricular dilatation.
Selective carotid angiography and computed tomography were used in a study of the association of occlusive vascular disease with cerebral arteriovenous malformations in 13 patients. The arterial occlusions ranged from focal stenosis in the major artery supplying the malformation to complete occlusion of the supraclinoid internal carotid artery with subsequent development of "moyamoya" collaterals. The majority of the arterial occlusions were proximal to the vascular malformation. Some, however, extended distal to the major branch supplying the arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Selective angiography with subtraction techniques defines the distinct angioarchitecture of these AVMs and the associated stenoses and collateral telangiectases.
Pulmonary hamartomas are usually an incidental finding and range in size from 1 cm to 8 cm in diameter in various series. We report a case of a massive pulmonary hamartoma (size 25.5 × 17.5 × 6.5 cm and weighing 1134 g) in a 61 year old male who presented with a short history of breathlessness. The tumour was arising from the medial border of the right lung and occupying most of the right chest extending in to the anterior mediastinum. The tumour was compressing the right lung and there was no evidence of infiltration into the surrounding structures. It was successfully treated by surgical resection and final histology was pulmonary hamartoma with predominantly adipose and leiomyomatous differentiation.
Computed tomograms, angiograms, and operative findings in 18 intra-atrial and 6 para-atrial lateral ventricle tumors were reviewed. Intra-atrial tumors were characteristically homogeneous, with an intraluminal mass effect. The benign types engulfed the choroid glomus; on angiography, the choroidal arteries were enlarged, with a definite tumor blush. Intra-atrial tumors without choroid involvement were usually gliomas. Para-atrial tumors had a low-density center on CT scans (in adults) with an extraluminal mass effect, displaced the glomus, and were avascular on angiography. They were low-grade gliomas in adults and ependymoblastomas in children. Forty non-atrial paraventricular and intraventricular masses were also reviewed. In general, an intraventricular, homogeneous mass which engulfs the choroid glomus on CT and has a significant choroidal artery supply on angiography is of choroidal origin and likely to be benign.
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