The present work was aimed to study the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using Tri-Sodium Citrate (TSC), stability study of synthesized Ag NPs and their characterization. Synthesis of Ag NPs has been carried out by maintaining different conditions such as TSC concentration (0.50, 1.00 and 1.50%), AgNO3 concentration (0.50, 1.00 and 1.50 mM) and stirring time (10, 15 and 20 min). The stability study of synthesized Ag NPs conducted for 30 days without adding any stabilizing agents. The characterization of synthesized Ag NPs was carried out for different parameters like particle size and zeta potential using particle size analyzer, absorbance peak by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, morphology by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), crystallinity by X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and material structural characteristics by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The stable chemically synthesized Ag NPs were obtained at C20 (AgNO3 concentration of 1.5 mM, TSC 1.5% and stirring time 20 min) (desirability 99.97%), with average particle size of 22.14 nm and average absorbance peak of 449.85 nm.

A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur to study the influence of seed polymer coating with micronutrients and foliar spray on seed yield of chickpea. The experiment consisted of seventeen different seed polymer coating and foliar spray treatments with various combinations of ZnSO 4 , boron, ammonium molybdate, FeSO 4 including control. Among the different treatments imposed, seed polymer coating ( @ 6 ml/kg) of chickpea seeds with the combination of ZnSO 4 + Boron + Ammonium molybdate + FeSO 4 (each @ 2 g/kg) of seed along with two foliar sprays (0.5 % + 0.2 % + 0.1 % + 0.5 %, respectively, ZnSO 4 and FeSO 4 in EDTA form) at an interval of 10 days during flowering stage (50 and 60 DAS) recorded significantly higher leaf area index, chlorophyll content, plant height, effective root nodules plant -1 , pods plant -1 , seed yield compared to all other treatments and control.

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Present laboratory experiment was conducted with an objective to know the effect of seed polymer coating with Zn and Fe nanoparticles (NPs) in comparison to their bulk forms on storage potential of pigeonpea seeds. Results revealed that seed polymer coating with Zn and Fe NPs had significant effect on storability of pigeonpea seeds. Among the treatments Zn NPs at 750 ppm was found to be superior in all the studied parameters viz., seed germination (96.00, 88.67 and 81.67 %), seedling length (25.67, 22.57 and 18.60 cm), seedling dry weight (85, 81.45 and 78. 45 mg), field emergence (89.67, 77.67 and 63.33 %), seedling vigour index (2556, 2001 and 1519), alpha amylase and dehydrogenase enzymes activities at 0, 6 and 10 months, respectively and it was statistically on par with Zn NPs at 500 ppm and Fe NPs at 500 ppm. The nanoparticles treatment didn't affect the seed moisture content (%) and insect infestation (%), however the significant difference was observed between polymer coated and uncoated seeds. In over all, the results of the study demonstrated the possibility of application Nanotechnology in Seed Science Research.

A laboratory study was undertaken to know the effect of seed polymer coating with Zn and Fe nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentration (10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm) in pigeonpea at Department of Seed Science and Technology, UAS, Raichur. Among the treatments seed polymer coating with Zn NPs at 750 ppm recorded significantly higher seed germination (96.00 %), seedling length (26.63 cm), seedling dry weight (85.00 mg), speed of germination (32.95), field emergence (89.67 %), seedling vigour index (2556), dehydrogenase activity (0.975 OD value) and α-amylase activity (25.67 mm) and lowest abnormal seedlings (2.50 %) over their bulk forms and control followed by Fe and Zn NPs at 500 ppm. However, in contrast to beneficial effects, these NPs also shown inhibitory effect on germination and seedling growth at higher concentration (nano Zn >750 ppm and nano Fe > 500 ppm). Hence, from the results it is concluded that Zn NPs at 750 ppm can be used to enhance quality of the pigeonpea seeds.

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to study the influence of gamma irradiation and seed treatment chemicals on seed longevity of bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) and black gram (Vigna mungo L.). The experiment consisted of nine treatments with different dosage of gamma irradiation and seed treatment chemicals. Among the different treatments imposed, significantly higher seed germination (87.0 and 83.8 %), germination rate index (4684 and 3946), peak value of germination (23.5 and 20.0), seedling vigour index (2069 and 1755), dehydrogenase enzyme activity (1.816 and 1.576 OD value) and alpha amylase enzyme activity (23.5 and 18.8 mm) with lowest abnormal seedling (8.3 and 9.0 %) and mean germination time (2.10 and 2.34) were recorded even after nine months storage, respectively in bengal gram and black gram, respectively by treating the seeds with the combination of malathion + thiram each @ 2.0 g / kg of seed as compared to all other treatments and control. The above treatment was also effective in control of cent per cent insect eggs there by without any seed damage and consequently no weight loss compared to control with 23.00, 12.92 and 7.76 per cent insect egg, seed damage and weight loss, respectively in bengal gram. But in case of black gram the seed infestation did not take place in any of the treatments including control. Further, exposing the seeds to the gamma irradiation (T 2 to T 6 ) showed a significant reduction in all above seed quality parameters with an increase in gamma irradiation dosage. While, the seed quality parameters such as, abnormal seedlings, dead seeds, mean germination time and electrical conductivity increased with the increase in dosage of gamma irradiation. However, among all the gamma irradiation treatments imposed, the highest dosage of gamma irradiation (T6-100 Gy) recorded the least seed damage (1.46 %) and weight loss (0.02%) only.