A laboratory study was undertaken to know the effect of seed polymer coating with Zn and Fe nanoparticles (NPs) at different concentration (10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm) in pigeonpea at Department of Seed Science and Technology, UAS, Raichur. Among the treatments seed polymer coating with Zn NPs at 750 ppm recorded significantly higher seed germination (96.00 %), seedling length (26.63 cm), seedling dry weight (85.00 mg), speed of germination (32.95), field emergence (89.67 %), seedling vigour index (2556), dehydrogenase activity (0.975 OD value) and α-amylase activity (25.67 mm) and lowest abnormal seedlings (2.50 %) over their bulk forms and control followed by Fe and Zn NPs at 500 ppm. However, in contrast to beneficial effects, these NPs also shown inhibitory effect on germination and seedling growth at higher concentration (nano Zn >750 ppm and nano Fe > 500 ppm). Hence, from the results it is concluded that Zn NPs at 750 ppm can be used to enhance quality of the pigeonpea seeds.
Present laboratory experiment was conducted with an objective to know the effect of seed polymer coating with Zn and Fe nanoparticles (NPs) in comparison to their bulk forms on storage potential of pigeonpea seeds. Results revealed that seed polymer coating with Zn and Fe NPs had significant effect on storability of pigeonpea seeds. Among the treatments Zn NPs at 750 ppm was found to be superior in all the studied parameters viz., seed germination (96.00, 88.67 and 81.67 %), seedling length (25.67, 22.57 and 18.60 cm), seedling dry weight (85, 81.45 and 78. 45 mg), field emergence (89.67, 77.67 and 63.33 %), seedling vigour index (2556, 2001 and 1519), alpha amylase and dehydrogenase enzymes activities at 0, 6 and 10 months, respectively and it was statistically on par with Zn NPs at 500 ppm and Fe NPs at 500 ppm. The nanoparticles treatment didn't affect the seed moisture content (%) and insect infestation (%), however the significant difference was observed between polymer coated and uncoated seeds. In over all, the results of the study demonstrated the possibility of application Nanotechnology in Seed Science Research.
Quality seed of well adapted improved varieties are fundamental for the agricultural development. Considerable efforts have been made towards the strengthening seed sector in many parts of the world in terms of seed production and distribution with appropriate seed policies, laws and regulations etc. Global seed market is growing enormously and is highly dependent on the seed regulatory frameworks at national and international levels. An efficient and transparent seed regulatory system is crucial to ensure that farmers have timely access to high quality seed at an affordable price. The international seed regulatory framework consists of (i) seed certification schemes based on varietal identity and varietal purity (OECD and AOSCA); (ii) seed testing (ISTA, AOSA); (iii) phytosanitary measures (IPPC, WTO-SPS and NPPO); and the plant variety protection (UPOV or sui generis systems). The rapid growth in the volume of international seed trade has given rise to many challenges, of which, the need for harmonization of seed regulatory framework is of utmost importance. International organisations such as, the OECD, ISTA, AOSA, UPOV and IPPC have been involved in the development of uniform, standard and science-based seed regulatory framework and methodologies, which have been adopted by the governments and seed industries around the world. The harmonization of seed regulatory framework with appropriate seed policies, capacity building activities, and awareness creation among the farmers would certainly help to boost the global seed trade by assuring confidence about the quality, good coordination between the public-private stakeholders, increased transparency and reducing technical trade barriers. This would also improve the farmers access to quality seeds of well adapted crop varieties in all the regions of the world.
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