Calcium phosphate coatings on Ti6Al4V substrates are elaborated by pulsed electrodeposition. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the coatings are characterized by SEM–EDS. The obtained results are systematically confirmed at the nanometre scale using TEM. Moreover, XRD is performed in order to identify the coatings phases. The results show that pulsed electrodeposition allows uniform coatings to be obtained without the holes and craters usually observed with classical electrodeposition. After appropriate heat treatment, these coatings have a biphasic composition of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite and β‐tricalcium phosphate. Moreover, the addition of 9% H2O2 to the electrolyte leads to monophasic coatings made of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite. As an indication of the passive nature of the electrodeposited coating, electrochemical potentiodynamic tests are performed in physiological solution in order to determine the corrosion behaviour of these coatings.
Calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (Ca-def-HAP) coatings on titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) substrates are elaborated by pulsed electrodeposition. In vitro dissolution/precipitation process is investigated by immersion of the coated substrate into Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) from 1 h to 28 days. Calcium and phosphorus concentrations evolution in the biological liquid are determined by Induced Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) for each immersion time. Physical and chemical characterizations of the coating are performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) associated to Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDXS) for X-ray microanalysis. Surface modifications are investigated by an original method based on the three-dimensional reconstruction of SEM images (3D-SEM). Moreover, corrosion measurements are carried out by potentiodynamic polarization experiments. The results show that the precipitation rate of the Ca-def HAP coating is more pronounced in comparison with that of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HAP) used as reference. The precipitated bone-like apatite coating is thick, homogenous and exhibits an improved link to the substrate. Consequently, the corrosion behaviour of the elaborated prosthetic material is improved.
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