The hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficient d h of Pb(Zr x Ti 1−x )O 3 ceramics (PZT), and of Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 and Pb(Yb 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PZN-PT, PYN-PT, respectively) single crystals with compositions near to the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) have been measured using a dynamic hydrostatic method. The effects of DC electric field and static component of hydrostatic stress on d h of PZT ceramics, PZN-PT and PYN-PT single crystals were studied. Changes of the piezoelectric hydrostatic coefficients d h caused by an electric field (DC bias) were observed along with pressure and temperature dependencies. The measurement of the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficient d h seems to be promising for investigation of intrinsic (single domain) and extrinsic (domain-walls) contributions to piezoelectric behavior of single crystals and ceramic materials.
The Michelson single beam laser interferometer has been used to study small displacement of LATGS crystals caused by the reciprocal piezoelectric effect. All eight nonzero mutually independent piezoelectric coefficients d iλ have been determined. Values of piezoelectric coefficients d 16 , d 21 , d 22 and d 23 and absolute values of piezoelectric coefficients d 25 and d 34 increase with increasing temperature, piezoelectric coefficients d 14 and d 36 decrease. Measured data was fitted according to a mathematical function similar to the Curie-Weiss law. Obtained results coincide with measurement using the double beam Mach-Zender interferometer at the room temperature.
The circular samples of composites were made from PZT ceramic grains dispersed in polymers (epoxy or rubber). Pressure dependencies of the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficient dh and permittivity E were measured in the range up to 60 MPa. The hydrostatic strain coefficient dh, the hydrostatic voltage coefficient gh and figure of merit dkgh were determined using the static method. The pressure dependence of the hydrostatic coefficients was measured for several successive cycles. Experimental dependence of the charge on pressure and temperature was fitted by multi parameter function. The pressure and temperature dependencies of the hydrostatic dh and pyroelectric p3 coefficients were determined. It was found that the hydrostatic strain coefficient dh and hydrostatic voltage coefficient gh decreased and pyroelectric coefficient p3 increased with pressure at constant temperature.
The paper deals with the dynamic measurement of the hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficients of Pb(Zr x Ti 1−x )O 3 (PZT) piezoelectric ceramics. The non-linear phenomena as the influence of a DC electric field on the hydrostatic voltage coefficient g h of a PZT sample was studied at various temperatures. Values of the coercive field were determined and compared with ones obtained from polarization vs. electric filed P(E) hysteresis loop measurements. Using the LVDT sensor, the deformation vs. electric field S(E) hysteresis loop, measured in the wide temperature range, was provided too. A noticeable influence of the temperature on coercive field values was exhibited both for hard and soft PZT ceramics (APC 841 and APC 856).
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