Taxus wallichiana, collected from the Himalayan region of Nepal, yielded, among others, three different endophytic fungi including Sporormia minima, Trichothecium sp., and an unidentified dimorphic fungus. Each was shown to produce paclitaxel in a culture medium. Each of these fungi represents a new report as a paclitaxel producer. The production of paclitaxel was confirmed by an immunoassay that utilized monoclonal antibodies, TLC chromatography as well as high performance liquid chromatography combined with on-line mass spectrometry.
Complexes of tailor-made ligands with life essential metal ions may be an emerging area to answer the problem of multi-drug resistance (MDR). The coordination complexes of VO(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) with the Schiff bases derived from 2-hydroxyacetophenone/2-chlorobenzaldehyde with 2-amino- 4-chlorophenol were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, electronic spectra, FT-IR, ESR, FAB mass, thermal and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The FAB mass and thermal data show degradation of the complexes. The ligand A (2-hydroxyacetophenone-2amino- -4-chlorophenol) behaved as tridentate and ligand B (2-chlorobenzylidene-2- -amino-4-chlorophenol) as bidentate, coordinating through O and N donors. The complexes [VO(A)(H2O)]?xH2O, [M(A)(H2O)n]?xH2O for Co and Ni, [Cu(A)(H2O)] and [VO(B)2]?xH2O, [M(B)2(H2O)n] for Co and Cu and [Ni(B)2] exhibited coordination numbers 4, 5 or 6. X-ray powder diffraction data (a = = 11.00417 ?, b = 11.706081 ? and c = 54.46780 ?) showed that [Cu(CACP)2(H2O)2], complex 8, crystallized in the orthorhombic system. The in vitro biological screening effects of the investigated compounds were tested against the bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus fecalis and the fungi Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma polysporum and Candida albicans by the serial dilution method. A comparative study of the MIC values of the Schiff base and their [M(B)2(H2O)2] complexes (Co(II), complex 6 and Cu(II), complex 8), indicated that the metal complexes exhibited a higher or lower antimicrobial activity than 2-chlorobenzylidene-2-amino-4-chlorophenol as the free ligand (B).
A series of N-Mannich bases of benzimidazolyl substituted 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H) dione have been derived by the reaction of different substituted amino acids with phthalic anhydride to yield 2-(substituted) 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H) diones (3), further condensation with o-phenylenediamine yields 2substituted benzimidazolyl 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H) diones (4), followed mannich reaction with methanal and different amines to yields final products (5). The chemical structures of synthesized N-Mannich bases were determined by elemental analysis and spectral data (FTIR & 1 H NMR). All the synthesized derivatives have been evaluated for their antimicrobial, anthelmintic and insecticidal activities against microbes, helminthes and insects selected as compared to standard drugs by using disc diffusion method and Watkins technique respectively. All the synthesized N-Mannich bases possess the significant antimicrobial, anthelmintic and insecticidal activities.
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