To reduce the impact of alumina sludge storage on the environment, a number of environmental technical solutions have been tested and implemented. Laying a polymeric film on a bed slurry maps and the construction of artificial water level decrease led to the absence of anthropogenic interference, and created favorable conditions for ensuring the stability of the ecological system in the area adjacent to the sludge storage. After the implementation of the environmental events area negative impact of sludge decreased to 150–200 m from the contour of the slurry of the map, outside this zone there are qualitative changes in the chemical composition of groundwater, the alkaline reaction of the environment decreases less than 8.0 units, chemical composition of groundwater is virtually the same background.
The article describes the developed engineering technological measures. They increase the operation life of road structures with the use of technogenic non-toxic materials. It is recommended to use activating additives to accelerate the process of road mixtures hardening. The introduction of gypsum anhydrite waste in an amount of 5 % into the crushed-nepheline road mixtures provides an increase in their strength characteristics by 1.8–2.2 times and increases the frost resistance of the road surface. This allows recommending the developed structure of region road pavement in regions with an average monthly air temperature of the coldest month from -15oC to-30oC. The conducted industrial tests of the proposed engineering technological measures confirmed the results of the research and provided their practical implementation in the technology of laying the lower base of the road pavement.
The environmental problems of alumina production, caused by the formation of waste gas treatment plants are considered. The phase and chemical composition and microstructure of dust from gas treatment facilities of thermal power plants has been studied. It has been suggested to use gas-cleaning plant wastes as active mineral additives in road mixtures. The possibility of using electrofilter dust as a mineral powder for asphalt concrete has been experimentally verified. It has been established that the properties of asphalt concrete using the dust from gas cleaning facilities of heat-power equipment of alumina production are practically the same as those of asphalt concrete prepared on the crushed limestone rock of Mazul limestone mine.
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