Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has been performed on the single-to triple-layered Bifamily high-Tc superconductors (Bi2Sr2Can−1CunO2n+4, n=1-3). We found a sharp quasiparticle peak as well as a pseudogap at the Fermi level in the triple-layered compound. Comparison among three compounds has revealed a universal rule that the characteristic energies of superconducting and pseudogap behaviors are scaled with the maximum Tc.PACS numbers: 74.72. Hs, 74.25.Jb, 71.18.+y, 79.60.Bm Over a decade, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has played an important role in developing our understanding of high-T c superconductors (HTSCs). A recent remarkable progress in energy and momentum resolutions of ARPES enables a direct observation of "quasiparticles" (QPs) in HTSCs which dominate the low-energy physics as well as the superconductivity. The superfluid density [1,2] is discussed in terms of the temperature-and doping-dependence of the weight of QP peak. ARPES lineshape at (π, 0) and a characteristic kink in dispersion have been interpreted as an interaction of electrons with (π, π) magnetic mode [3,4] and that with longitudinal optical (LO) phonon [5]. The lifetime of QPs deduced from ARPES has been found to have a direct relation to the optical conductivity [6] and the electrical resistivity [7] and has been discussed in relation to the quantum critical behavior [7]. However, it is unknown at present whether these characteristic features of QPs are universal to all HTSCs, since a majority of ARPES studies have been done on Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+δ (Bi2212) which has CuO 2 bilayers. It is thus important to perform a systematic ARPES study on HTSCs with different numbers of CuO 2 layers in a unit cell to find universal properties in HTSCs. Although Bi-family HTSCs (Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca n−1 Cu n O 2n+4 , n=1-3) look the most suitable to meet this aim, triple-layered Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10+δ (Bi2223) has been scarcely investigated by ARPES [8] because of difficulty in growing a high-quality single crystal.In this Letter, we report a systematic high-resolution ARPES study on single-(Bi2201), double-(Bi2212), and triple-(Bi2223) layered Bi-family HTSCs to investigate the universality of QP features as well as to find a possible scaling rule in physical properties. By performing ARPES on Bi2223 and comparing the result with the data of Bi2201 and Bi2212, we now address several important issues about (1) appearance of QP peak, (2) interaction of electrons with modes, (3) origin of pseudogap, and (4) energy scale which dominates the superconducting and pseudogap properties.High-quality single crystals of Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10+δ (T c =108 K, nearly optimally doping) were grown by the traveling solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method with a very slow growth rate and a steep temperature gradient [9]. The oxygen content δ was controlled by the temperature of post-annealing and/or the oxygen partial pressure. The sharp x-ray diffraction pattern and the steep superconducting transition (∆T <3 K) in the DC suscep...
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