Abstract. There is proposed a new design of a trailed sugar beet head cleaner from the remnants of tops without extraction of beets from the soil, with a vertical cleaning shaft. However, the quality of its operation depends to a large extent on the magnitude of the vertical oscillations of the cleaner frame, which take place at a high speed of its forward movement. According to the developed equivalent scheme and the initial equations in the form of Lagrange of the 2nd kind, a mathematical model has been constructed for the root crop head cleaner, hanged from behind to an integral tractor, consisting of two nonlinear differential equations describing the oscillations of its pneumatic tracer wheels and the cleaning tool when moving along the surface irregularities. Numerical simulation on the PC has made it possible to determine the optimal design and kinematic parameters of the cleaner, allowing to reduce the magnitude of oscillations of its tracer wheels, frame and cleaning tool, which, on the whole, significantly increases the efficiency and quality of the root crop cleaning from the tops without extracting the root crops from the soil.Keywords: sugar beet, harvesting, cleaner, oscillations. IntroductionSugar beet is an important agricultural crop used for the production of sugar; and it also has great prospects for the production of bioenergy [1]. The leading producers of sugar beet in Europe are Ukraine, Germany, France and Poland. Contemporary technologies of harvesting sugar beet tops assume, at first, complete uncopied cutting of the main green mass with subsequent individual postcleaning of the heads of root crops from the remnants of the foliage [2]. The operation of additional cleaning of the root crop heads from the remnants of tops (leaves) without extracting the heads from the soil should meet high demands for the quality of removal of the green and dry residues from the surfaces of the heads, excluding damage caused by the additional cleaning tools. We have developed a new design of a trailed cleaner of sugar beet heads from the remnants of tops (leaves), with a vertical cleaning shaft. However, the quality of its operation depends to a large extent on the magnitude of the vertical oscillations of the cleaner frame, which take place at a high speed of its forwards movement. The use of pneumatic tracer wheels causes intensive oscillations of the root crop head cleaner in a vertical plane, which have the greatest effect on the quality of this technological process. In this connection, a need arises for theoretical investigation of the movement of a root crop head cleaner attached to the wheeled integral row-crop aggregating tractor and for determining the degree of influence of its structural and kinematic parameters on the vibrations in the vertical plane. The method of constructing computational mathematical models of agricultural machines is described in detail in [3]. A methodology of constructing computational mathematical models of agricultural machines is described in detail in [3], in which ...
The purpose of this study is to reveal the methodological aspects of teaching the disciplines that are basic in the system of training an engineer for modern agricultural production, in particular during the lecture sessions. The paper presents the basic requirements for the modern teacher who teaches special disciplines, training an engineer in the field of agricultural mechanisation. Emphasis is placed on theoretical aspects, as well on the results of the acquisition and generalisation of practical experience in pedagogy in order to raise the efficiency of mastering the material by the students during the lectures. Attention is centred on the topical problem how to develop the professional activity of the teacher. Analysis is made of all the stages of consecutive development of the pedagogical activity: highly professional understanding of the subject, pedagogical professionalism, and pedagogical innovation in training the future engineers in the field of agricultural mechanisation. The results of the study will allow a conclusion that the effect of the lecture on technical disciplines depends on the logical lines selected by the teacher (inductive, deductive, traditions; during the transfer of power; from the basic part; during the technological or physiological process). The pedagogical skills of a teacher at a higher agricultural educational institution are based not only on a high professional level, but also on his overall culture. Pedagogical activity must be learned, one must purposefully acquire the positive teaching experience, constantly replenish the stock of knowledge with contemporary psychological and pedagogical ideas.
At the beginning of 2020, due to the rapid and global spread of the Covid-19 pandemic, educational institutions were forced to immediately switch to a purely distance learning form, which has had an ambiguous effect on all the structural elements of the education system. In addition to high-quality fundamental training and mastering the theoretical foundations of engineering calculations, it is no less important for engineering graduates to acquire sustainable skills and abilities to carry out practical activities -experimenting, researching, testing, modeling, etc. Most of the above-mentioned skills in the conditions of regular, full-time education were obtained in the form of scientific circles, laboratory works, practical classes, training and production practices, and the like. With the pandemic and total distance learning, against the background of established communication channels like systems:
The engineer of modern agricultural production is obliged to improve himself, that is, to have persistent skills in creative professional self-training. The investigations were conducted within two Engineering faculties of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, as well as the Engineering Faculty of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Achievement of the goals in the educational and cognitive activities of the future engineers depends on how fully the conditions of modern agricultural production, as well as the objective pedagogical conditions that determine the difficulty of the objects of study are considered. One of the main tasks of the formation of the readiness of the future agricultural engineers for professional activities and self-development in the process of teaching general engineering disciplines is the use of methods to enhance educational and professional activities. An efficient mechanism for the improvement of the educational process is the close cooperation of universities with the agricultural employers, and their involvement in the formation and implementation of the programmes, specialties and specialisations, coordination with them of educational and professional standards of modern engineering training. From the surveys the most significant skills to achieve the goals of independent educational and scientific activity of the future engineers were identified -this is the ability to find, analyse and interpret information in the process of educational and scientific activity, and-a skill to pursue a healthy way of life, to work efficiently, to spend one's free time in a rational manner.
The contemporary labour market requires from the future agricultural engineers not only in-depth theoretical knowledge, but also an ability to apply it independently in non-standard production situations. The article deals with problems how to clarify the level of the students' readiness for production activities in the agro-engineering sphere. It has been established that in the training process of engineers, an urgent task is brought to the forefront -to provide conditions that ensure efficient professional self-development of the creative potential of a student's personality; to achieve a high level of development and training of the future professionals, including, perhaps, through new, reassessed approaches to the content and organisation of the students' knowledge control process. The paper substantiates a presumption that the principal task of all kinds of the students' knowledge control is to verify the fulfilment of the ultimate goal of professional training -the formation of a multicomponent structure of technical thinking, as well as engineering and educational-cognitive skills, that is, checking whether the students' technical thinking has reached the structure to be formed the level of readiness for the future engineering occupation in the selected speciality. Implementation of the developing function of the knowledge control can be efficiently carried out by involving students in productive search activities, aimed at solving real engineering problems and problem situations. The results of comparative studies allowed drawing a conclusion about significant advantages of the indicators of the students from the experimental groups over the reference ones. So, 29 % of students in the experimental groups demonstrated a creative level of educational and cognitive activity, while in the reference groups there were 22 % of such students.
Abstract. Assessment of the fuel and energy sector and the cost dynamics of the traditional kinds of fuel in the world and in Ukraine has been carried out. An analysis has been executed of the export indicators of the main agricultural crops, which are potential raw materials for the production of biofuel. A necessity has been substantiated to adjust the production of bioethanol, biodiesel and biogas on the territory of Ukraine in order to ensure stable functioning of agricultural production and provision of fuel and biogas for the population and the agricultural complex of the country. The potential of biogas production from corn for silage has been determined. Assessment of the operation of the beet sugar complex of Ukraine is carried out. Peculiarities of biofuel production in the countries that are the world leaders in the field of renewable energy are considered.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.