BACKGROUNDOrganophosphate insecticides/pesticides are used widely throughout the world. The organophosphorus poisoning is a very serious condition that needs rapid treatment. Emergent and appropriate management is always desirable to prevent the serious complications and high mortality. In this study, we determine the clinical presentation and outcome of organophosphorus poisoning in our institute.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) remains the major cause of mortality and morbidity of mankind. It is predicted that more than half the worldwide cardiovascular disease risk burden will be borne by Indian sub-continent in the next decade according to a recent epidemiological studies. 1 There is Significant differences in the prevalence of coronary artery disease exist with respect to gender, age and ethnicity. The introduction of coronary care units decreased Acute MI mortality from 30% to 15%; while the use of thrombolytics further decreased it to 5-7%. 2 Prompt reperfusion of the occluded artery through Percutaneous coronary angioplasty or thrombolytic therapy decreases the duration of occlusion leading to improved mortality. 3 In-hospital observation is warranted in patients at increased risk for sudden life threatening complications, such as late ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest or re-infarction. Present study is aimed at knowing clinical profile, early complications in AMI and causes for death.
Background: Kidneys perform the important function of excreting nitrogenous waste products and regulating the volume and composition of body fluids. Malnutrition is common phenomenon in maintenance dialysis patients and risk factor for poor quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. An association of low albumin levels with increased mortality and morbidity in hemodialysis patients has been hypothesized. Present study aims to go through nutritional status of CKD patients in our institute and their relation to disease or dialysis outcome.Methods: Study is conducted on 100 CKD patients on haemodialysis admitted in various medical wards of the Mc Gann hospital attached to Shimoga institute of medical sciences, Shimoga, Karnataka, India. From August 1st, 2016 to April 30th, 2017 detailed history was taken in all the patients and a thorough physical examination was done. Dietary history was taken and blood is collected for analysis of Hb, blood urea, SR electrolyte, serum calcium, phosphorus, serum albumin, cholesterol, creatinine and CRP. BMI is calculated in all patients.Results: There were 60 males and 40 females. Average age is 46±3.6 years. Most of these patients belong to the age group of 41-50 years (37%). According to WHO BMI classification 55% had BMI between 18.5 to 24.9. 17% less than 18.5. 13% more than 30BMI. Blood urea, serum creatinine was elevated as expected. Mean Hb is 8.21±2.57 gm/dl. Serum albumin is lower mean being 2.66±1.86 gm/dl. CRP elevated 16.5±2.36. low calcium is also seen.Conclusions: The malnutrition in CKD is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates. Despite the better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of uremic malnutrition and the improvements made in nutritional support, the nutritional condition of CKD and ESRD patients remains a significant cause for concern. Multimodal therapeutic strategies should be considered. Present study showed elevated prevalence of malnutrition in HD subjects. The nutritional status in patients on HD needs more attention. The role of nutrition in the management of CKD is important and needs to be further researched and newer guidelines are need of the hour.
BACKGROUND:Organophosphates exposures are a global health problem especially in India. Although extensive data is available regarding the pattern of OP poisoning in India, there is only little information regarding the victim profiles and the factors which influence mortality in southern India. The present study aimed to analyze the patterns, the social factors and the clinical outcomes of OP poisoning in this region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study carried out in Medicine department, SIMS, Shimoga from July 1st, 2014 to Dec. 31st, 2014. A total of 74 cases of OP poisoning were studied. The diagnosis of the OP compound poisoning is done by history, examination and pseudo cholinesterase level estimation. RESULT: Out of a total of 74cases of poisoning, 33 (44.59%) were males and 41 (55.40 %) were females. Most of the cases were from the rural areas (45 cases-60.81%). Incidence is highest in illiterate (48.64%), the total percentage of the married cases was 67.56%, the highest number of cases (33.78%) was from the age group of 21 to 30 years. The OP poisoning occurred mainly during night (55.40%) highest in summer season (27 cases), the mean hospital stay was 4.25 days, with a majority of the cases staying for 3 to 7 days in the hospital (52.70%). The mortality in the present study was 29.72% (22 cases). The commonest OP compound poison consumed is chlorphyriphos. CONCLUSION: organ phosphorus poisoning is a major health hazard in the community. It needs to be managed rapidly with upgradation of treatment at PHC level. These findings demand a swing in emphasis in community education towards hazardous of the poisoning and design appropriate health education programme to reduce both mortality and morbidity.
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