The present study considers the effects of property variations on fully developed laminar flow heat transfer and pressure drop in horizontal tubes. A facility was developed to test electrically heated glass and stainless steel tubes, with distilled water and ethylene glycol as working fluids. The Nusselt number for fully developed flow depends primarily on Rayleigh number; however, the Prandtl number and a dimensionless tube wall parameter are also required to correlate the four sets of heat transfer data. This correlation agrees well with data of most previous investigations. The friction factor increases with increasing Rayleigh number; data are within the bounds of limiting analytical predictions.
Fully-developed heat transfer data for ethylene glycol with different tubes 62 Comparison of present heat transfer data for water with results from previous investigations 64 Viscosity correction factor applied to metal tube with different fluids 67 Heat transfer data evaluated at film temperature for glass tube with different fluids 69 Heat transfer data evaluated at film temperature for metal tube with different fluids 70 Correlation of water and ethylene glycol data in cluding Prandtl number effect for different tubes 71 Steady-state energy balance for a tube wall element 72 Final correlation of heat transfer data 74 Comparison of present heat transfer correlation with data from previous investigations 76 Isothermal friction factor for water with glass tube 78 Friction factor data for ethylene glycol with glass tube 80 Friction factor data for ethylene glycol with metal tube 81 Comparison of friction factor data for ethylene glycol with results from previous investigations 83 Calibration curve for flowmeter with water 93 Calibration curve for flowmeter with ethylene glycol iqO Computer printout of a typical heat transfer run 127 Computer printout of a typical pressure drop run 13g xii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation to Dr. Arthur E. Bergles, his thesis advisor, for his many helpful suggestions and guidance throughout the work. He contributed freely of his time and abilities to direct this study to its successful conclusion.
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