In the article there are defined the main tasks of risk analysis and its main component - risk management, which make it possible to develop economically efficient measures, aimed at the impact reduction of environmental harmful factors for public health based on the analysis of market driven approaches «cost-benefit» and «cost-effectiveness». As well there are emphasized significant fundamental changes in the area of the legislative support of management activity, focused on sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population. The implementation of risk-focused approach to the practice of means of control and supervision to the government of Russian Federation is an integral part of control reformation system of different nature. The key problems of public health risk management in Russia are defined and the main ways of their solution are discussed. Thus, the development of reliable and scientifically based classifications of hazard level for objects requires clear criteria for supervision of assessing objects. Classes of business entities should reflect the leading risk factors, which discovered in the controlled areas. In the justification of risk from the probability (frequency) of violations of the mandatory requirements of sanitary legislation required the inventory of all consequences of the breach of sanitary legislation for each object of supervision and their ranking according to the degree of hazard. It is pointed out, that the movement towards to the technological regulation of air pollution emissions, including indicators of the Maximum Achievable Control Technology or (MACT) is a progressive management method, which requires an analysis with the use of MACT from the perspective of achieving acceptable risk levels, as well as an assessment of the effectiveness of alternative measures to reduce emissions, including MACT. It was noted, that on the basis of comparative risk analysis, it is possible to assess not only the risk to human health, but also the environmental risk to the ecosystem and its components, as well as the risk associated with the violation of the quality and living conditions. It is seen the interaction of concerned parties in the development of solutions management of health risks from environmental factors.
Introduction. The object of the study is the results obtained during the implementation of the Federal Project (FP) “Clean Air” in 2020 in the supervised participating cities and the assessment of the possibility of implementing the tasks set for Rospotrebnadzor for effective health risk management, reducing morbidity and mortality of the population. The purpose of the study is to assess the risk to public health according to the summary calculations of atmospheric air pollution in the cities of Cherepovets, Lipetsk, Omsk, Novokuznetsk during the implementation of the FP “Clean Air” (baseline, 2017). Materials and methods. The primary approach to implementing the FP “Clean Air” in 2020 is to use the initial data (summary calculations of atmospheric air pollution) and obtain on their basis the levels of exposure and risks to public health. A software product of the “Ecolog-Gorod” series was used to calculate single and average annual concentrations. The health risk assessment procedure was carried out under the requirements of the manual R 2.1.10.1920-04. Results. Studies were conducted to assess the risk to public health based on the data of summary calculations of atmospheric air pollution in the cities participating in the FP “Clean Air” (Cherepovets, Lipetsk, Omsk, Novokuznetsk) in 2017 before the start of the measures provided for by the Comprehensive Plans to reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmospheric air. The assessment of the public health risk from atmospheric air pollution made it possible to establish: priority compounds contained in industrial emissions, the primary industrial sources and their share contribution, as well as the contribution of motor transport and independent heat supply sources emissions to the formation of pollution levels in cities; the population exposed to unacceptable risk levels were determined; substances that should be taken into account when quoting emissions were identified. The variants of improving the quality of preparation of the initial data of summary calculations for health risk assessment are recommended. Conclusion. There are suggested approaches to improving the quality of preparation of initial data of consolidated calculations for health risk assessment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.