C hronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 10% of people worldwide. 1 Renal fibrosis is the common endpoint of most CKD. 2 Therefore, preventing or

To replant an avulsed auricle is still a challenge for surgeons. Microsurgically reanastomosed ear replantation appears to be the best method because a superior outcome can be achieved without jeopardizing a subsequent ear reconstruction with rib cartilage in case of failure. The pocket method and periauricular skin or fascia flaps should be abandoned. They rarely achieve such a consistently good aesthetic outcome as a secondary reconstruction with rib cartilage.

Ear reconstruction with rib cartilage remains, under most circumstances, the procedure of choice for repairing auricular defects. There is a high acceptance of this method among patients, although the impact of the thoracic scar needs to be discussed extensively before surgery. The importance of the surgeon's experience cannot be underestimated, because it determines the aesthetic results and the patient's satisfaction in this challenging area of plastic surgery.

The incidence of microtia in Germany is 100-150 per year. These cases require a specific and challenging therapy. All patients need audiologic consultation. If desired plastic reconstruction is performed, which is aiming at achieving a lifelike as possible appearance corresponding to the shape of the opposite ear including an excellent skin color. The present paper describes background information, the interdisciplinary schedule of treatment, and the results of our operative strategy in two to three steps using autologous rib cartilage. Furthermore we expand on anomalous cases of microtia which require a modified procedure. In dystopic microtia, repositioning of the rudiment is necessary before reconstruction. In cases of excessive scar tissue due to injuries or previous operations, a one-step reconstruction using an axial fascia flap can be useful.