The magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow comprised of dust particles is carried out in the current investigation. The role of dust nanoparticles on the flow characteristics is vital. The radiative heat phenomena for the interaction of Cu nanoparticle are deliberated in this discussion. However, both water and oil (kerosene) are treated as conventional fluids. Regarding the current applications on nanofluid in industries for the production of several materials, it is important to use the nanoparticles as a coolant. In recent applications, for the CPU cooler Cu-nanoparticle is used because of its high thermal conductivity and as a good conductor of heat. The governing flow characteristics involved with nonlinear properties of partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity variables. Further, numerical treatment is imposed using the in-build Matlab code bvp5c. The imitation is carried out for the various profiles using physical parameters and presented graphically. The numerical values for the rate coefficients are presented via tables and deliberated briefly.
In this chapter a systematic investigation of impact of mechanical activation on structural, microstructural, thermal and optical properties of MgO – TiO2 nanocrystalline composite system, synthesized via high energy ball milling techniques. Williamson-Hall (W-H) plot method was employed to understand the signature of the broadening in the XRD peaks and for the estimation of crystallite size of MgO – TiO2 nanocrystalline composite system. It revealed that the peak broadening is not only due to reduced coherently diffracting domain size but also due to a significant strain distribution. The calculated strain was 9.01× 10−3 and the average crystallite sizes were 40–60 nm for 35 hours (hrs) milled powder and this result is very much consistent with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The SAED ring pattern indicates that the phase of Mg2TiO4 - nanoparticles was polycrystalline in structure and the distance between crystalline planes was consistent with the standard pattern for a spinel Mg2TiO4 crystal structure. To analyze the lattice fringes for the 35 hrs milled samples high resolution-TEM (HR-TEM) study was carried out and the result revealed that the each particle has single crystalline structure. Morphological studies were carried out by using SEM analysis. The thermal decomposition behavior of the milled powders was examined by a thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) in argon atmosphere. Also, MTO nanoparticles showed a strong absorption at ~356 nm and the band gap values ranged between 3.26-3.78 eV with an increase of milling time from 0 to 35 hr. The mechanically derived MTO nanoparticles showed promising optical properties which are suitable for commercial optoelectronic applications.
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