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The literature on cholesterol esterases (this term is used because, as demonstrated here, the hydrolysis and synthesis of cholesteryl esters are brought about by two separate enzymes) has been assembled by Korzenovsky, Diller, Marshall & Auda (1960). This literature reveals: (1) that the cholesterol esterases of the pancreas and small intestine of rats may be identical (Swell,

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The formation of this compound involves hydrolysis of an acetoxy group and subsequent lactonization, as well as removal of the side chain. The same compound is formed on hydrolysis of cephalosporin Cc. 4. Hydrolysis of cephalosporin CA (pyridine) in dilute acid yields the nucleus of cephalosporin CA (pyridine). This nucleus is also formed when 7aminocephalosporanic acid reacts with aqueous pyridine. We are indebted to Mrs M. Loveridge, Miss M. Arber and Miss 0. Breitenmoser for skilful technical assistance. We wish to thank the Lilly Research Laboratories and Merck Sharp and Dohme Inc. for gifts of 6-aminopenicillanic acid, and Dr M. R. Pollock for purified penicillinase.