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Two new C13-norisoprenoid compounds, (3S,5R,6S,9R)-3,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-β-ionol (1) and (3S,4S,5S,6S,9S)-3,4-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-β-ionol (2), were isolated from the leaves of Apollonias barbujana. The absolute structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and chemical transformations. (3S,4S,5S,6S,9R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-β-ionol (3) was also isolated, the structure of which has been determined by X-ray analysis and whose 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and MS data are reported herein.

Maternal stress during pregnancy produced behavioral alterations in both sexes with regard to sexual behavior, aggressive, maternal, lateralization and depression. In the present paper, sex differences for depression in mice was studied. No sex differences between female and male mice groups were observed either in swimming-induced immobility or in the open-field test (ambulation, rearing and boluses). Prenatal stress produced: 1) an increase of immobility time in female mice for swimming-induced immobility, but not in male mice; 2) an increase of ambulation in female mice for open-field test, but not in male mice; 3) there were no significant differences in rearing and boluses between stress and control groups either for female or male mice. Prenatal stress increases the risk of depression and locomotor activity in adult female mice.

Cytotoxicity, acute toxicity, and general pharmacological effects in mice of an arylnaphthalene lignan isolated from Jisticia hyssopifolia were studied. Elenoside was cytotoxic to human cancer cell lines in a range of concentrations from 10(-5) to 10(-4)M. It has an LD(50), ip in mice, of 305 mg/kg and central depressive properties at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg. Thus, elenoside appears to be a sedative with broad spectrum cytotoxicity.

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