Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles present an interesting material for various applications in biotechnology and medicine. The mechanism of CeO2 nanoparticles biological activity is supposed to be related to the presence both Ce 3+ and Ce 4+ ions on the surface of the nanocrystal. We studied and compared the catalytic activity of CeO2 nanoparticles synthesized by chemical and physical methods. The cerium oxide was found to demonstrate catalase-like and peroxidase activity. CeO2 nanoparticles obtained by a chemical method showed more pronounced catalytic properties. In addition, this material catalyzed the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by the enzyme horseradish peroxidase.
Based o n the general Gaudsmit-Saunderson-Lewis model for multiple scattering in a semiinfinite medium, an expression accounting for the effects of multiple scattering on the shape of the backscattering energy spectrum has been obtained. This expression is represented by a series of ion angular distribution moments. The limits of the applicability of the small-angle approximation t o the description of multiple scattering are defined. It is shown that the sensitivity of the angular distribution moments of multiple scattered ions to the type of ion-atom potential increases with an increase in the moment order. The possibility of investigation of the ion-atom interaction potential experimentally over a wide range of impact parameters by the backscattering method is discussed.
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