ZnO incorporated phosphate based bioglasses with the composition xZnO–22Na2O–24CaO–(54-X)P2O5 (where X = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 mol%) were developed by melt-quenching process. The physical, thermal and other structural properties of the glasses were studied in detail. By employing various characterization techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in addition to the energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy, the structural properties were analyzed. Interestingly, physical, thermal and mechanical properties were enhanced with the increasing content of zinc oxide up to 8 mol%, due to the presence of more ionic nature of P–O–Zn bonds than P–O–P bonds in the glass network. The FTIR and Raman analysis revealed the evolution of the phosphate network with increasing zinc concentration and leads to progressive depolymerisation of the glass network. The obtained results from the physical and structural properties of these zinc added calcium phosphate glasses support their potential to use as bone implant applications.
Zirconium doped calcium phosphate-based bioglasses are the most prominent bioactive materials for bone and dental repair and regeneration implants. In the present study, a 8ZnO–22Na2O–(24 − x)CaO–46P2O5–xZrO2 (0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.7, all are in mol%) bioglass system was synthesized by the conventional melt-quenching process at 1100 °C. The glass-forming ability and thermal stability of the glasses were determined by measuring the glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallization temperature (Tc), and melting temperature (Tm), using differential thermal analysis (DTA). The biological activity of the prepared samples was identified by analyzing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectra (SEM-EDS), before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for various intervals of 0, 1 and 5 days, along with the magnitude of pH and the degradation of glasses also evaluated. The obtained results revealed that the glass-forming ability and thermal stability of glasses increased with the increase in zirconia mol%. The XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS data confirmed a thin hydroxyapatite (HAp) layer over the sample surface after incubation in SBF for 1 and 5 days. Furthermore, the development of layer found to be increased with the increase of incubation time. The degradation of the glasses in SBF increased with incubation time and decreased gradually with the increase content of ZrO2 mol% in the host glass matrix. A sudden rise in initial pH values of residual SBF for 1 day owing to ion leaching and increase of Ca2+ and PO43− ions and then decreased. These findings confirmed the suitability of choosing material for bone-related applications.
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