Poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene isosorbide terephthalate) (PICT) copolymers were synthesized by melt condensation with various contents of the corn derived monomer isosorbide (ISB). Since poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate) (PCT) has disadvantageous thermal processing properties as well as a high melting temperature, ISB could be used to control T g and T m simultaneously. An increased content of ISB can increase the T g and lower the T m by affecting the crystallization behavior and structural properties of PCT. The composition of PICT was confirmed using 1 H-NMR spectroscopy, and the detailed structure was analyzed with correlation spectroscopy (COSY) and heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC). 13 C-NMR spectroscopy was used for investigating the sequence distribution and from these results, the effect of the ISB-TPA dyad on the thermal properties was revealed. Solid state cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CPMAS) 13 C-NMR spectroscopy was used to investigate the free space of an atom due to environment dependent relaxation behavior, which determines whether ISB is excluded from the crystal structure. Then, WAXD was used to analyze the crystal structure, representing the effect of ISB on the crystallization. Finally, polarized optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to visualize the morphological change of the crystallite resulting from ISB. † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See

The influence of water vapor in air on power generation characteristic of solid oxide fuel cells was analyzed by measuring cell voltage at a constant current density, as a function of water vapor concentration at 800°C and 1000°C. Cell voltage change was negligible at 1000°C, while considerable voltage drop was observed at 800°C accelerated at high water vapor concentrations of 20 wt % and 40 wt %. It is considered that La2O3 formed on the (La0.8Sr0.2)0.98MnO3 surface, which is assumed to be the reason for a large voltage drop.

Water induced deformation phenomena of synthesized polyester including isosorbide shares analogous mechanism of solvent induced crystallization. This structural deformation is effected by pH, open-ring ISB and ester hydrolysis.