Original Scientific ArticleMac Vet Rev 2016; 39 (1): [51][52][53][54][55][56][57] Thirty California female rabbits were obtained from the Animal Care Center, College of Agriculture, South Valley University and acclimated to laboratory conditions for one week. The Leiurus quinquestriatus (LQ) venom was collected from mature scorpions by electrical stimulation of the telson. A single dose of crude venom of 0.4 ml/kg (diluted in normal saline with a ratio of 1:1) was injected into a peripheral ear vein. The lungs, brains, hearts, kidneys, were sampled and fixed in 10% formalin from rabbits sacrificed at zero, 30 minutes, 1hr, and 4hrs, post-envenomation (three animals at each sacrifice). Respiratory distress and neurological manifestations were the main clinical signs. Congestion of the lungs was started at one hour postenvenomation. Vascular changes including hyperemia and hemorrhage were also observed till 24 hours post-envenomation. The main histopathological changes of the lungs were edema, hemorrhage, emphysema, and eosinophilic bronchitis. Transmission electron microscopy revealed several eosinophils with abundant granules and breakdown of their membranes suggesting degranulation. The cerebrum showed malacia and edema. Myocardial damage expressed by focal area of myolysis at half-hour post-envenomation and interstitial edema by at 1, and 4 hour post-envenomation was also evident. In conclusion, scorpion venom induced consistent and relevant histopathological changes in all examined organs.

Ultrastructural changes occurring in juvenile ehannel eattish, Ietalurus punetatus Ratinesque. hepatoeytes were examined following exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCI4). Juvenile cattish were intraperitoneally injected with a sublethal dose of undiluted CCU and controls, used for comparisons, received physiological saline. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) was slightly dilated by 1 h and was significantly dilated by 4 and 24h post-CCU-exposure. At 4h. the RER became degranulated, mitoehondrial eristae indistinet with electron dense floeculant matrieal deposits, and nuclear membranes indented. Autophagic vacuoles were present in some hepatocytes. Within 48 h post-exposure, the hepatocytes were indistinguishable from control hepatoeytes. CCI4 ean induee reversible or irreversible cell damage which appears dose dependent.

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Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical involved in formation of plastic vessels, is one of the most widespread endocrine disrupting chemicals. The study was designed to investigate the effect of BPA on pancreas and thyroid gland of young and adult female Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were exposed to 330 mg/kg BPA orally every other day for 12 weeks; control rats were exposed orally to ethyl alcohol and corn oil. Samples were collected at 4, 8 and 12 weeks for hormonal, biochemical assays and histopathological examination. The insulin hormone in exposed young rats was decreased, but its level in adult ones was increased; the biochemical assay for blood sugar level showed a significant increase in young rats and decrease in adult ones. T3 hormone was increased in treated young and adult rats; T4 hormone was increased in treated adults, while calcium level was decreased in treated adult rats. The histopathological findings of pancreas revealed vacuolation in its endocrine parts in young rats, while in adult ones there was intralobular fatty infiltration - a typical picture of diabetes. The thyroid gland in treated young female rats showed increased cellularity of parafollicular cells; moreover there was parafollicular haemorrhage, and in adult ones - desquamation in lining epithelium of follicular cells. In conclusion, exposure of young and adult female rats to BPA resulted in changes in the pancreatic and thyroid gland cells manifested by morphological, hormonal and biochemical parameters.

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The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of yeast against mycotoxicosis induced by Aspergillus parasiticus and Fusarium tricinctum as common fungal contaminants on albino rats. 60 albino rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: (A, B and C), each contain 20 animals. Group A: rats were kept as a control group was feed on uncontaminated feed and drinking water without any treatments. Group B: animals were feed contaminated diet with aflatoxins in level of 0.5 mg/kg ration and diacetoxyscirpenol in level of 10mg/kg ration. Group C: animals were feed contaminated diet as in group B. mixed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2g/kg of feed) during the whole time of the experiment. At the end of 1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , and 4 th month, respectively, five animals from each group were weighted and dissected. Tissue samples were obtained from liver, kidneys and intestine for histopathological examination by light and electron microscope. The rats showed reduction of body weight and weight gain in group B. Addition of yeast to contaminated diet in the group C improved this reduction. Histopathological and ultrastructural studies revealed pathological changes in liver and kidney in group B. administration of yeast improve the intensity and the prevalence of the lesions and enhances the immune response of the body against mycotoxicosis (Lymphocytes and plasma cells).

Background: Large midline ventral hernias, diastasis of recti and the associated laxity and abdominal shape deformity, represent aesthetic and functional problems for the patients. So, the surgical treatment of both pathologies at the same time is highly recommended if the patient's general condition permits. This can be achieved by a comprehensive technique incorporating abdominoplasty performed by a transverse lower abdominal incision into any of the hernia repair techniques.Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional and aesthetic outcome of the combined abdominoplasty and anterior component separation technique in the management of midline ventral abdominal hernias.Patients and Methods: This study is a prospective case control study that evaluates both functional and aesthetic outcome of performing abdominoplasty on patients with large midline ventral hernias. This study was conducted between

Twenty adult male rats three month old, weighing 80-190 gm were obtained from the Animal House Assiut University and divided into one control group and three treated groups (5 rats each group). Treated groups were injected intramuscular with Nandrolene Decaonate at doses of 2.5,5, and 10mg/kg body weekly for three months. At the end of exp. the whole body weight and the seminal vesicle weight of both treated and control group were recorded. The relation wight of the seminal vesicle to the body weight was increased significantly in treated group compared to the control. The thickness of the smooth muscle fiber layer also was increased in treated groups compared to the control group. Histopathologically, shortening of the mucosal folds, abundant seminal secretions, fragmentation of the smooth muscle fiber layer and hemorrhage and hyperemia below the muscular layer were observed. Desquamation of the epithelium lining the folds of seminal vesicle was evident at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight of Nandrolene Decaonate. The study concluded that Nandrolene Decaonate induced alterations in the seminal vesicle.