We propose a structure based on combination of multilayer stack of dielectric films and thin metal layer for excitation and enhancement of both s- and p-polarized evanescent waves. It is shown that two different mechanisms of evanescent wave excitation may occur at the same angle of light beam incidence on the structure. Application for evanescent wave polarization holographic recording with the help of this structure is discussed.
Introduction. In order to function successfully in the market, the water transport business entities, in addition to material and financial resources, need the utilization of their internal unique capabilities in the existing business environment, which determine the competitive potential.Problem Statement. The successful operation and development of water transport requires the development of a scientific approach to utilizing its competitive potential in the country’s economic security system.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to form a conceptual model of the utilization of competitive potential of water transport in the economic security system of the Black Sea region.Material and Methods. We have used the following methods: system structural, abstract logical analysis, grouping, and economic mathematical modeling, for studying the essence and structure of the competitive potential of water transport, for assessing its utilization in security system of the Black Sea region.Results. The essence of the category “competitive potential of water transport” has been determined. The structure of the competitive potential of water transport has been studied, and the conceptual model of its use in the economic security system has been developed. Based on the proposed conceptual model, the utilization of the competitive potential of water transport in the economic security system has been assessed by the example of the Black Sea region.Conclusions. In order to enhance the competitive potential of water transport of Ukraine and the level of its utilization, in the context of economic security, it has been proposed to stimulate an increase in the number of ship calls to the ports of Ukraine and the number of Ukraine-flagged vessels belonging to domestic businesses and to create favorable conditions for the development of the shipbuilding industry of Ukraine.
We propose using a specially designed metal-multilayer-dielectric structure deposited on glass substrate to enhance the evanescent field and improve the sensitivity of the surface plasmon resonance sensor. The proposed structure supports both hybrid plasmonic transverse magnetic modes and conventional waveguide transverse electric modes. We show numerically the significant enhancement of the evanescent field and improvement of the sensitivity for the waveguide transverse electric mode.
Introduction. The integration processes of the transport system are an important factor in the economic development of Ukraine in conditions of increased competition for transit cargo flows. Therefore, it is necessary to develop multimodal transportation of products to ensure the competitiveness of Ukraine in the international transport market.Problem Statement. In the modern conditions of the development of the transport system of Ukraine, there have arisen theoretical and applied problems related to determining the most appropriate means for hybrid cargo transportation.Purpose. This study is aimed at identifying the interdependence of the sphere of manufacture and transportation of products in order to determine and justify the most efficient means of organization of intermodal and multimodal cargo transportation.Material and Methods. The review of existing scientific developments is based on systematic approach and comparative historical analysis of the transport economy, given the economic, geographical, and geopolitical position of Ukraine. The verification and falsification methods, as well as the economic and mathematical analysis and modeling have been used to substantiate the scholarly and applied approach.Results. The theoretical and practical problems of the transport economy development have been analyzed. The trends in the development of cargo transportation by various means of transport have been identified. The dependence of the products sold (goods, services) on the products transported by means of transport has been simulated. The types of activities, which require transport services and are significant for the national economy have been analyzed. The choice of the most appropriate means of transport for cargo transportation based on intermodality and multimodality, in particular rail, sea, and inland water transport, has been justified.Conclusions. The scholarly and applied approach has been proposed to identify the interdependence of manufacture, intermodal and multimodal cargo transportation of products. It can be used to increase the competitive advantages of Ukraine’s transit potential.
Introduction. The methods of traffic modeling by water transport and assessing the risks associated with it is needed to identify the issues of the past period, proposing methods for assessing not only direct but also indirect risks to form the preconditions for preventing them in the postwar reconstruction. The coordination of different transport type’s actions of transport requires an assessment of risks impact of the previous stages of mixed transportation on the formation of the following risks’ stages. Existing methods of assessing such impact need to be improved. Aim and tasks. The aim of this study is creation of methodological approach to risk management in water transport based on a mathematical model for assessing the impact of both direct and indirect risks. The tasks are: to prove that the additive approach of taking risks into account leads to the systematic deviation appearance from the result; take into account the impact on the risk of cargo transportation. Results. It has proved that the calculation of risk as an additive function leads to a systematic deviation from the relevant result. It stated that the risk of each of the next stages of transportation depends on the risks of the previous stages. To increase risk analysis relevance in water transport, the use of an oriented graph in a multidimensional parameter space proposed. It stated that in order to calculate the integrated risk, it is essential building not only the risk matrix but also the risk incidence matrix to take into account their relation to business entities. It established the impact of even minor risks could take the form of a catastrophe, which leads to cargo flows reorientation. It established that: for calculation of integral risk, it is crucial consider direct and indirect influences of risks; risk calculation for water transport also requires risk analysis in related modes of transport. Conclusions. It was established that, when calculating integral risk, it is necessary to consider direct and indirect influences on risks and that the risk calculation for water transport also requires risk analysis in related modes of transport. The proposed approach significantly increases the relevance of water transport risk analysis and allows for managing changes in transportation routes in real time.
Polyvinylidene fluoride and its copolymers are a well-known family of low-cost ferroelectric materials widely used for the fabrication of devices for a wide range of applications. A biocompatibility, high optical quality, chemical and mechanical durability of poly(vinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene), (P(VDF–TrFE)), makes it particularly attractive for designing of effective coating layers for different diagnostic techniques. In the present work, the nonlinear optical characterization of P(VDF-TrFE)-coating films deposited onto a glass substrate was done. Advantages of the coating application for cells/substrates in the field of multiphoton imaging the efficiency of such coating layer for long-duration characterization of so-called harmonic nanoparticles (HNPs) were shown. The influence of glass surface protection by P(VDF-TrFE) film from an effect of HNPs sticking to the walls of the flow-cell was analyzed for effective studying of the optical harmonics generation efficiency of HNPs making the analysis more robust.
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