A simple approach for isolation of exosomes from the blood plasma, which allows to obtain highly purified preparations of microvesicles no larger than 100 nm has been proposed. The presence of different subpopulations of exosomes in the blood plasma of healthy donors and cancer patients has been recognized. We found the presence of the universal markers CD9, CD24 and CD81 on exosomes isolated from blood plasma that can be used to their routine typing.
The purpose of the study was to provide current data about various methods of treatment of early and locally advanced esophageal cancer.Material and Methods. A search was made on available literature sources published in the Pubmed, Medline, Elibrary, Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, Global Health and other databases. 123 articles published from 2001 to 2018 were found and analyzed to write this review.Results. Esophageal cancer is the 7-th most common cancer worldwide. Esophageal cancer has a favorable prognosis only in patients with early stage cancer. The use of endoscopic technology provides a minimally invasive approach to the treatment of esophageal cancer and significantly increases survival of patients. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment for esophageal cancer. For patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, a multimodal approach is required, including a rational combination of radical surgery with chemo and/or radiation therapy. In many countries, preoperative chemotherapy has entered the standard of treatment for II–III stages of esophagus cancer. However, the development of novel approaches to the treatment of esophageal cancer is of great importance. For advanced cancer patients, palliative chemo- or chemoradiotherapy remains the main treatment modality.Conclusion. The choice of the treatment option for esophageal cancer remains a challenging clinical problem and depends on the particular type of cancer, tumor stage, functional status of patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.