Germplasm lines are the most important genetic resources for cultivar development. ARS84‐27 (Reg. no. GP‐212, PI 693601), ARS98‐31 (Reg. no. GP‐213, PI 693602), and ARS10‐82 (Reg. no. GP‐214, PI 693603) are three high‐yield and good malting quality two‐rowed spring malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm lines developed by the USDA‐ARS breeding program at Aberdeen, ID. All three germplasm lines were evaluated in 27 irrigated and 14 dryland trials. ARS10‐82 had significantly higher yield than all the checks, and ARS98‐31 and ARS84‐27 were competitive with the best check cultivar ‘Voyager’ (Busch Agricultural Resources). Malting evaluation results showed acceptable quality profiles with specific quality traits including high extract, low protein content, and low beta‐glucan for the years tested. They are all classified as moderately resistant to Fusarium head blight infection with low deoxynivalenol (DON) levels.
‘Kardia’ (Reg. No. CV‐360, PI 675999), a two‐rowed spring hulled food barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar developed by the USDA‐ARS, Aberdeen, ID, in cooperation with the University of Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, was released in 2015. Kardia is derived from the cross 03AH3054/98Ab12019’ and was advanced through bulk pedigree F1– F5. Kardia was tested at the USDA‐ARS and all other cooperative trials as line 2Ab09‐X06F084‐51. Kardia tested across 40 location years and has shown better yield in irrigated condition and similar yield in dryland comparing to the current two‐rowed spring hulled food barley cultivar check ‘Salute’, but it has lower yield than ‘Baronesse’, a feed barley check. Kardia, however, has shown significantly higher β‐glucan content than Salute. Kardia could be a good hulled cultivar and a better alternative than Salute in the food barley production market.
Enlarging genetic pools of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm is important for keeping diverse genetic resources available for barley improvement. 01Ab9663 (Reg. No. GP‐209; PI 677387) is a six‐rowed elite line from the cross 93Ab375//92Ab5189/M83. 93Ab375 was derived from the cross Russell/82Ab2322//‘Morex’, and 92Ab5189 was the result of the cross 83Ab5432/85SR40. 01Ab9663 was advanced via the bulk method from the F2 to F5 generations. 01Ab9663 exhibited a 126 and 105% yield advantage over ‘Morex’ and ‘Tradition’, respectively, within 37 locations years of testing in our irrigated trials. It showed on average 81.8% malt extract, significantly higher than all the checks from 21 trials. 01Ab9663 has a semidwarf stature with strong straw, a desirable trait for lodging resistance. These excellent character traits make 01Ab9663 a good choice for germplasm development of future malt and feed lines.
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