Seven synthetic hexaploid wheats (Triticum dicoccum/Aegilops tauschii) were subjected for investigation. Numerical variation of chromosome number in F 1 hybrids between three synthetics and common wheat varieties, was recorded. Hexaploid amphiploids (SHW) formed gametes with aneuploid chromosome number at a frequency of 13.2 and 14.8% as male and female parents, respectively. We speculated that the frequency of aneuploids in the generation might depend on variability of BA u -and D-genomes of synthetic parents, and could be used for increasing the genetic diversity in common wheat. The HMW-glutenins analysis divided two lines in SHW530 and 532 due to different genes present in the B-genome, and increased them to 9 synthetic lines. The subunits 1Dx1.5 + 1Dy10 was predominantly observed in the synthetics. Two other allelic variants 1Dx2 + 1Dy11 and 1Dx4 + 1Dy10.1 were found in four lines and appeared as new genes in SHW originated from Aegilops tauschii. The synthetic hexaploid lines could play a significant role as novel germplasm resources for improving the grain quality of bread wheat.

Four amphiploid lines (SHW) based on T. monococcum (Tm) and T. boeoticum (Tb) were crossed to T. durum varieties to generate 13 combinations. Field germination and winter survival of hybrid plants in F 2 were assessed. Among all crosses, those with SHW8A-Tb and SHW9A-Tm showed highest field germination but with different degrees of spike fragility. The variation on seed number and weight per main spike was studied in F 4-6 from SHW8A-Tb/Progres and SHW5A-Tb/Severina crosses after individual selection for these traits. Ten lines with durum phenotype from the former and three genotypes with dicoccum plant shape from the latter cross were developed. SDS-PAGE indicated the presence of HMW-GS 1Ax2*+1Aynull subunits in four lines, among which 1Ax2* was inherited from T. boeoticum acc.110 through SHW8A-Tb. Most of the selected genotypes possessed γ-gliadin45, which was relating to good end-use quality. Powdery mildew testing showed that all progenies resulted from the SHW8A-Tb/Progres were susceptible to 12 races of the pathogen, while three lines derived from the SHW5A-Tb/Severina cross behaved differently: G32 expressed resistance to six, G33 to 2, and G34 to 5 races. The selected genotypes from crosses involving SHW with T. boeoticum exhibited good breeding performance compared to tetraploid wheat parents, and might be of breeding interest to further research.

Pure line selection for the presence of Glu-D1-4t+10.1t in high molecular weight glutenin subunits was applied in a cross between a synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) 530-1 (Triticum dicoccum / Aegilops tauschii acc. 19088) (2n = 42, . Grain number and seed weight per plant of selected BC 1 F 5-7 individuals accompanied this high molecular weight subunit pair to create 9 wheat genotypes. They were tested in the field and showed sufficient germination and winter survival with high seed set. Hierarchical cluster analysis divided them in two groups (four in the first, including standard wheat cultivar 'Sadovska ranozreika-4' and six lines in the second cluster). The urea / SDS-PAGE method separated the new lines in two high molecular weight glutenin variants, Glu-A1-2*, Glu-B1-7+8, Glu-D1-4t+10.1t (8 genotypes) and Glu-A1-null, Glu-B1-7+8, Glu-D1-4t+10.1t (1 genotype), displaying equal low molecular weight glutenins. All families expressed two ω-gliadin bands: the gliadin #1 originated from SHW530-1, while #2 was transferred from wheat cultivar 'Albena'. The former one appeared to be the unique gliadin subunit in the genotypes, not expressed in both wheat parents. The incorporated high molecular weight glutenin alleles might serve as new genetic resources for improving the grain quality of modern common wheat.

Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute One of the main directions of the breeding programs in common winter wheat, besides increasing productivity, is developing of cultivars with excellent baking properties. An important prerequisite for this is the involvement of new gene plasma of variable origin, which is adequate to the growing conditions and the desired breeding direction. The aim of investigation is study of some main properties related to the grain quality and the baking properties of bread wheat accessions of foreign origin under the conditions of the South Dobrudzha region. Twenty-five foreign bread wheat cultivars of various origins were investigated for a three year period. Cultivars Aglika, Enola, Pryaspa and Yantur were used as standards. Some indices related to the quality of grain and flour were analyzed at the Bread Making Laboratory of (DAI). The expression of the following parameters was followed: test weigh, % of protein, sedimentation, wet gluten yield, softening degree, pharinographic value, bread volume, and the quality index (QI) was calculated. The cultivars, which demonstrated high grain quality, were the Romanian Faur, Moldovan Dobropolka, American Wahoo and the Ukrainian Zmina. Averaged for the three years, highest variation was found for the index pharinographic value. On the whole, the materials with origin from Romania, Ukraine and USA were characterized with high values of the quality indices. Cultivars Faur and Zmina can be successfully included in the breeding program of DAI for development of strong wheat varieties.

The proper choice of parental forms is the basis for developing superior varieties with valuable agronomic properties. A priority in modern breeding is increased productivity. The aim of this study was to establish the relative contribution of the yield traits to the productivity of common wheat accessions of different geographical origin. The trial was conducted during 2012-2014 at Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute, General Toshevo. The study included 118 varieties and lines originating from Europe, Asia and North America. The tested materials were grown in a randomized block design in three replications, the 2 plot size being 7.5 m. Six cultivars were used as standards: Aglika,