Gallbladder mucocele (GBM) is a common extra-hepatic biliary syndrome in dogs with death rates ranging from 7-45%. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the association of survival with variables that could be utilized to improve clinical decisions. A total of 1194 dogs with a gross and histopathological diagnosis of GBM were included from 41 veterinary referral hospitals in this retrospective study. Dogs with GBM that demonstrated abnormal clinical signs had significantly greater odds of death than subclinical dogs in a univariable analysis (OR, 4.2; 95% CI, 2.14-8.23; P<0.001). The multivariable model indicated that categorical variables including owner recognition of
Postprandial urinary C-peptide creatinine ratios before and during liraglutide treatment were weakly associated with the glycaemic response to treatment. Low pretreatment urinary C-peptide creatinine ratio may be more useful than higher values by predicting poorer glycaemic response.
Case summaryA 12-year-old male castrated domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for a 10
month history of weight loss. Thin body condition and a grade II/VI systolic
parasternal heart murmur was noted during examination. Moderate-to-severe
anemia and intermittent thrombocytopenia were identified on serial complete
blood counts. Antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were
detected, but vaccination for FIV occurred previously. Echocardiography
revealed biatrial and biventricular enlargement, left ventricular
hypertrophy and pericardial effusion. Splenomegaly was present on abdominal
ultrasound and cytological evaluation revealed macrophagic infiltration with
erythrophagocytosis. Cytological evaluation of the bone marrow revealed
similar findings. Histopathology of the spleen confirmed hemophagocytosis
with no evidence of malignancy. A presumptive diagnosis of hemophagocytic
syndrome was made. PCR testing for FIV on the splenic tissue was negative.
The cat was treated with lomustine. Disease progression occurred
approximately 6 months after diagnosis and the cat was euthanized.Relevance and novel informationTo our knowledge, this is one of the few reports describing the diagnosis of
hemophagocytic syndrome in a cat.
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