Introduction: Numerous researches show significant presence of cardiovascular disorders, especially hypertension in depressed patients that show up several years after first depressive episode. Mortality caused by cardiovascular disorders in depressed patients is 50% higher than in general population. Comorbid depression and cardiovascular disorders is making worse health condition, increasing suffering, making hard treatment, and outcome is not good. Objective: The goal is to confirm presence of hypertension in depressed patients as the most common comorbid cardiovascular diseases. Method: A retrospective study has been conducted using data from medical history of 274 depressed patients hospitalized and treated at the Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center Banjaluka. These parameters were assessed: sex, age, number of hospitalizations, marital and employer status, comorbid disease, BMI, presence of hypertension, lipid status and glicemia's level. Data were presented using tables and graphs. Results: Results obtained in our study were: Hypertension in comorbidity with depression was found in 106 patients (38,5%), 75 of them were males and 31 of them were females. The majority were at age 40-60 years. Obesity was found in 21% of them. High lipid's level was found in 20% of them. 11% of patients had high level of glicemia. More than half of the patients had lower socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Depression is often accompanied by cardiovascular disorders. It is very important to recognize this comorbidity in order to treat it successfully and to make better treatment's outcome.
Background/Aim. The cataract surgery in eyes with and without glaucoma results with the sustained intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction but it is still unknown which glaucomatous patients will achieve clinically significant reduction. The preoperative IOP and some ocular biometric parameters have been shown as potential predictors of the postoperative IOP reduction and the aim of our prospective intervention study was to evaluate that relationship in medically controlled patients with the pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and in the nonglaucomatous patients. Methods. Thirty-one PXG patients (31 eyes) and 31 (31 eyes) nonglaucomatous patients, all with clinically significant cataract, were enrolled. The preoperative IOP, anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AL), lens thickness (LT), lens position (LP) [LP = ACD + 0.5 LT], relative lens position (RLP) [RLP = LP / AL] and the pressure-to-depth ratio (PD ratio) [PD ratio = preoperative IOP/preoperative ACD] were evaluated as potential predictors of the IOP change in the 6th postoperative month. Results. In the 6th postoperative month, in the PXG group, the IOP reduction was-3.23 ± 3.41mmHg (-17.67 ± 16.86 %) from the preoperative 16.27 ± 3.08 mmHg and in the controls group, the reduction was-2.26 ± 1.71 mmHg (-15.06 ± 10.93 %) from the preoperative 14.53 ± 2.04 mmHg. In the PXG group, the significant predictors of the absolute and the percentual IOP reduction were the preoperative IOP, AL, and PD ratio. In the same group, RLP was showen as a significant predictor of absolute change in the IOP in multivariate analysis, and the percentual IOP change in both the univariate and the multivariate models. In the control group, the preoperative IOP and the PD ratio were the only significant parameters that could predict absolute change in the postoperative IOP. Conclusions: The cataract surgery leads to the IOP reduction both in the PXG and in a nonglaucomatous eye and this change predictors are widely available and simply calculable parameters and can be potentially used in managing glaucoma.
IntroductionThere is a growing body of epidemiologic evidence that psychosocial factors are linked to depression.ObjectiveRelations between presence of depression and traumatic experiences in adolescent’s anamnesis are presented in this research study in which 536 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years took part.AimsIdentification connection type of traumatic experiences and depression in adolescent.MethodsBy using BDI and RADS is found that 12 -18% of adolescents confirm clinical level of depression sypmptoms. On LSCL-R questionary 415 adolescents (77,4%) had stress life events. The most of them had death of close person, catastrophe, or had been witness of catastrophe or severe accident, while small number of them had had severe accident, or were witness of violence in family, experienced divorce of parents, emotional, physical and sexsual abuse, severe financial difficultys etc.ResultsThere is strong connection between type of trauma and depression.ConclusionThe deepest depression of adolescence was caused by physical and sexsual abuse, death and illness of family member, violence, conflicts and heavy disagreement in family. It is important to seek and discover adolescents who are under the influence of various stress factors, because it decreases risk of developing depression disorders. Support and help of family members defend adolescent of depressive answers on various traumatic experiences.
Objective: The children and youth mental health is a dynamic and developing process that is result of their interactions with family, school, community and surrounding. The goal is to show the influence of family disfunction on behavior disorders among children and youth, especially the presence of negligence and abuse of children. The aim of this research is to show the presence of comorbid diseases and influence of low socioeconomic family status as well. Method: The research is retrospective study taken by 64 patients (36 girls and 28 boys), age between 7 and 18, at Department of child and adolescent psychiatry in Banja Luka. We analised socio-demografic status, comorbid diseases, the presence of negligence and abuse among youth and behavior disorders. Our own questionnaire, made for this research, socio-psychiatric and clinical records and case history are used in this study. The results are analised by graffics and tables. Results: There is significant higher number of boys, age under 14 years old, statistic lower socioeconomic status, the presence of family violence, school dificulties, quiting the school. There is significant number of girls with comorbid disease. Conclusion: Family can influence on apperance of mental disorders in their children through family disfunction, frequent conflicts, negligence and family violence, the presence of severe diseases, low socioeconomic status, psycho-traumatic events and stressful situations.
IntroductionIn the adolescence, girls are often preoccupied with body image, express discontent with their figure, body weight and want to lose weight.ObjectiveOur objective was to inquire eating attitudes and habits among female adolescents.MethodSurvey research carried out among female adolescents, age of 16 – 17, in four secondary schools in Banja Luka (economic, medical, agricultural and grammar school). Survey questionnaire EAT-26, modified by author, was used. The response rate was 1301 (90.3%) out of 1441 (total number of pupils in first and second grade of schools).ResultsIn inquired secondary schools 90 girls (6.9%) out of 1301 have body mass index < 18,5 kg/m2. About 26.9% of all respondents, want to be thinner, while 37.3% never want to be thinner, with statically significant difference (df = 834; T = 7.94; p < 0.01).With 46.25% of all respondents with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2 and 43.6% female students with an optimal BMI said they never eat dietary food with statistically significant difference (V = 73, T = 2.05, < 0.05) compared to girls with a BMI > 25 kg/m2. Diet foods are not eaten ever 48.6% of respondents with a statistically significant difference compared to those who do it sometimes (20.5%)DiscussionUnrealistic perception of “body-image” may bring different health-damaging risks. They varied from inadequate dieting attempts to inability of recognizing and preventing overweight.ConclusionIn order to that previously acquired knowledge and positive attitudes about nutrition necessary to introduce this subject within the school curriculum.
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