The purpose. To justify productivity of winter wheat in different crop rotations depending on fertilizer system and saturation of crop rotation by tilling and cereal crops. Methods. Field, analytical, statistical. Results. Influence of crop rotations on productivity of winter wheat depending on fertilizer system, level of biologization of crop rotations and climatic features of years is investigated. Conclusions. On prosperous backgrounds of fertilizing in a link with vetch-oats productivity of winter wheat did not depend on availability of tilling and cereal crops. So on the background of N60P60K60 it made 4,97-5,10 t/hectare. Ploughing of crop residues in field crop rotation + N60P60K60 by its effect on productivity does not yield to organic-mineral background of fertilizing. Increase of temperature of air during vegetation of winter wheat reduces its productivity for 3,78-3,35 t/hectare. Optimum air temperatures at sufficient moistening secures increase of yield for 1,60-1,96 t/hectare.
The purpose. To study changes of quality indicators of humus in typical leached black earth depending on fertilizer system of sugar beet in different crop rotations. Methods. Long stationary experiment. Specimens of soil were taken from a stratum of 0-30 cm in the season of harvesting of sugar beet. The content of general humus in soil was determined using Tyurin's method, and group content of humus-using Kononova and Belchikova method. Results. Changes of group content of humus in typical leached black earth under the influence of application of organo-mineral fertilizer system for sugar beet depending on crop rotations are studied. Conclusions. The best quality indicators of humus are determined in grain-tilling crop rotation where the total humic and fulvic acids in organomineral fertilizer system makes 1,2% (HA-0,78, FA-0,42, linked with R2О3-18, with Ca-82).
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