We present a novel optical transmission system to experimentally demonstrate the possibility of mode division multiplexing. Its key components are mode multiplexer and demultiplexer based on a programmable liquid crystal on silicon panel, a prototype few-mode fiber, and a 4×4 multiple input multiple output algorithm processing the information of two polarization diversity coherent receivers. Using this system, we transmit two 100 Gb/s PDM-QPSK data streams modulated on two different modes of the prototype few-mode fiber. After 40 km, we obtain Q(2)-factors about 1 dB above the limit for forward error correction.
We investigate via experiments and simulations the statistical properties and the accumulation of nonlinear transmission impairments in coherent systems without optical dispersion compensation. We experimentally show that signal distortion due to Kerr nonlinearity can be modeled as additive Gaussian noise, and we demonstrate that its variance has a supra-linear dependence on propagation distance for 100 Gb/s transmissions over both low dispersion and standard single mode fiber. We propose a simple empirical model to account for linear and nonlinear noise accumulation, and to predict system performance for a wide range of distances, signal powers and optical noise levels.
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