Diamond containing the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is emerging as a significant new system for magnetometry. However, most NV sensors require microscopes to collect the fluorescence signals and are therefore limited to laboratory settings. By incorporating micron-scale diamond particles at an annular interface within the cross section of a silicate glass fiber, a high-sensitivity and robust fiber platform for magnetic field sensing is demonstrated here. The fluorescence and spin properties of NV centers embedded in the diamond crystals are well preserved during the fiber drawing process, leading to enhanced continuous-wave diamond-magnetometry in fiber-transmitted sensing configurations. The interface doping of diamond particles also leads to reduced fiber propagation loss and benefits the guidance of NV-fluorescence in the hybrid fiber. Using the diamond-fiber system, magnetic field readout through 50 cm of fiber is achieved. This study paves the way for novel fiber-based diamond sensors for field-deployable quantum metrology applications.
We present a novel approach to study continuous-wave mode-locking in a waveguide laser in the presence of a gain profile with complex features. We introduce a new simulation approach where we separate the role of gain, nonlinearity, dispersion and saturable absorption elements to provide a better understanding of the interplay between these elements. In particular, we use the simulation to explain synchronised dual-wavelength mode-locking. The results show that despite the existence of dispersion which tends to form separate pulse trains in the laser cavity, the saturable absorber plays a critical role in keeping the different wavelength components synchronised. This work, for the first time, provides insight into existing experimental results. It also demonstrates new methods for studying lasers, especially mode-locking laser, with short laser cavities.
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