According to the Federal Information Fund for Social and Hygienic Monitoring FCFHE of Rospotrebnadzor air pollution in urbanized cities of Central Russia was studied. The most toxic anthropogenic pollutants and regions with the highest excesses of the maximum one-time and daily average maximum permissible concentrations of anthropogenic pollutants in the urban environment were identified. To assess the impact of technogenic air pollution on the medical and demographic processes of large urban areas in the GIS environment in the studied territories of Central Russia, we studied the dynamics of the general mortality of the population from malignant neoplasms of various organs, as well as the dynamics of mortality from leukemia. Studies have shown that a number of medical demographic processes directly correlate with atmospheric pollution by anthropogenic pollutants.
On the example of the urbanized territories of Central Russia (the cities of Voronezh, Lipetsk, Kursk, Belgorod, Tambov and others) geoecological aspects of environmental quality are considered. The content of anthropogenic pollutants in natural environments has been estimated. In the GIS environment, the levels of environmental risk for the population of large cities are calculated. A comprehensive geoecological zoning of the studied urbanized territories was carried out. Based on geoinformation technologies, a scheme of environmental and geochemical monitoring of an industrialized city has been developed.
The spread of the dangerous Covid-19 infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus since the end of 2019 has become a big challenge for both the world and Russian society. Thus, on January 30, 2020, the world health organization recognized the spread of a new infection as a public health emergency of international significance. On March 11, 2020, the same organization stated that the outbreak had become a pandemic. Currently, the role of social and environmental factors (which determine the spread of many environmentally-related diseases) in the spread of coronavirus infection in the population is not fully understood. The spread of Covid-19 infection in Russia can be divided into 3 stages. Stage 1 (31.01.2020-01.04.2020) - primary distribution. At this stage, the infection occurred mainly of Russian citizens visiting other countries. Stage 2 (1.04.2020-12.05.2020) - active distribution within the country. By the end of this stage, the maximum spread of infection is recorded. Stage 3 (12.05.2020-present) - gradual decline in the appearance of new cases of coronavirus infection. To assess the specific contribution of social and environmental conditions to the spread of coronavirus infection, data from the Federal information Fund for social and hygienic monitoring of the Federal center for hygiene and epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor on indicators of financial security of citizens, quality of health care and sanitary conditions were analyzed. Studies have shown that at the first stages, a significant contribution to the spread of infection is made by the financial security of the population. The specific contribution of the quality of medical care, which is widely differentiated within the regions of Russia, affects only the third stage of the spread of coronavirus infection. Environmental and hygiene indicators make a weak contribution to the spread of Covid-19 at all three stages of the epidemic.
Geo-information resources have been developed for monitoring socio-ecological conditions (using the example of cities in Central Russia). The technologies of the developed GIS allow to take into account the variability of scale, the transformation of cartographic projections, changing the composition of the mapped objects, the formation of queries in numerous databases in real time, variations in the ways of displaying objects. The developed GIS system consists of hierarchically subordinate database sections and thematic cartographic tools reflecting the natural resource potential, the socio-economic and environmental-hygienic situation in the cities of Central Russia.
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