are considered as the main driving forces of the modern economy in the sphere of production and services, and as the main factors of economic growth. Innovative way of development of the economy requires the use of appropriate methods to manage this development, both at the state and at the individual companies' level. Innovations different in shapes and approaches to their implementation form are the basis for the development of business strategy, regardless of the legal form and size of the enterprise [1]. Therefore now the numerous enterprises face a question of developing a marketoriented business concept aimed toward a dynamic product policy and innovative development [2].However modernization of traditional management methods by itself doesn't bring the expected efficiency. Development and search of the new concepts and approaches corresponding to essence of innovative processes is necessary.In this regard, mathematical modeling that requires development of effective computing schemes, models and algorithms, is playing an important role [3][4][5]. We consider influence of the level of innovative development on a level of quality and economic efficiency of products.We assume that the level of development of the trajectory of innovative product is equal to a product quality level, i.e. the coefficient of their relation is equal to 1.Statement of the problem: it is known that in its activity any enterprise seeks to maximize the income and to minimize costs. Otherwise, the economic activities of a business are not practical.Using a trajectory of innovative product development (TIPD), we define values of the income and costs functions and, as a result, we get an opportunity to calculate the optimum time of transition to other trajectory (criterion of transition -the greatest average economic efficiency for the studied time period).The S-shaped curve describes development of the phenomenon during the growth stages, that is dynamic transition from one stable state when values of parameters of the phenomenon only became distinguishable and reached a minimum position (it is quite admissible that they could reach this position though a spike or a slow even increase), to other state, stable for some time, with the maximum values of parameters.Processes which at first grow slowly, then accelerate, and then again slow down the growth, reaching to any limit, are rather widespread in economy. To simulate such processes the so-called S-shaped curves are used [6, 7]. Innovative way of development of the economy requires the use of appropriate methods to manage this development, both at the state and at the individual companies' level. However modernization of traditional management methods by itself doesn't bring the expected efficiency. Development and search of the new concepts and approaches corresponding to essence of innovative processes is necessary. In this regard, mathematical modeling that requires development of effective computing schemes, models and algorithms, is playing an important role. The paper presents a...
ВведениеРазработка сложных проектов -это динамический процесс, на который влияет множество случайных факторов, приводящих к быстрой смене внешних условий и внутренних факторов, влияющих на проект. Для математического моделирования таких процессов удобно использовать вероятностные подходы, а учитывая динамику, среди них наиболее подходящими являются подходы, основанные на теории случайных процессов [1][2][3][4]. Учитывая, что на систему подготовки и реализации проекта оказывает влияние множество случайных факторов, случайные процессы, протекающие в ней, будут близкими к марковским и для моделирования таких систем рационально использовать методы марковских случайных процессов с непрерывным временем и дискретным состоянием [1][2][3][4].В данной работе приведена методика моделирования процесса разработки и последующей реализации некоторого проекта при быстрой смене условий и факторов, влияющих на проект, основанная на марковских случайных процессах.
This article describes the verbal model underlying the development of a software decision support competitive regional management of construction projects. Competitive management of projects is understood as the purposeful process beginning with the organisation and carrying out of competition in which result projects-applicants are ordered on the basis of certain criteria, then the winner (or winners) the applicant who has won first place (or, accordingly, some first places-depending on competition conditions), and proceeding appears up to project end. Building projects are considered as complete symbolical systems, and management of them to represent a structural composition of four components: the subject of management, object of management; a project environment; algorithm of management of the project and criteria of quality of the project. Based on the analysis and synthesis of project management experience in construction in this article was developed verbal model of competitive regional management of construction projects. The proposed model revealed and clarified the existing ideas about the structure of the organization and mechanisms for the implementation of regional projects and due to the evaluation criteria allowed more adequately articulate the problems solved in the stages of this type of competitive project management.
Введение Широкое распространение стейкхолдер-менеджмента началось после публикации в 1984 году работы P. Фримена [1]. В ней впервые был предложен термин «стейкхолдер» и идея рассмотрения фирмы и ее окружения как совокупности стейкхолдеров, интересы которых должны быть учтены. Если говорить о терминологии, то «stakeholder» в переводе с английского означает «держатель интереса». В русском языке существуют различные интерпретации и синонимы: заинтересованная сторона, группа влияния, группа интересов, причастная сторона и другие. Чтобы определить, какая вариация наиболее точно соответствует оригинальному видению, рассмотрим трактовку P. Фримена: «Стейкхолдер-любая группа или индивид, которые могут влиять или на которые влияет достижение целей организации» [1]. Исследователь М.А. Петров [2] отмечает, что ошибочно считать P. Фримена первооткрывателем теории стейкхолдеров, так как некоторые выводы о наличии в окружении фирмы заинтересованных сторон содержатся и у более ранних исследователей [3]. Однако труд P. Фримена, безусловно, важен, работа внесла ясность в понимание теории заинтересованных групп. К числу других заслуженных зарубежных авторов в исследуемой области можно отнести Р. Митчелла, Л. Престона, Дж. Фрумена, А. Шапиро [4, 5]. Для рассматриваемой темы интересны также идеи основоположников теории ресурсных отношений-Дж. Барни [6], Р. Грант, Управление в социально-экономических системах УДК 330.
At the present time, the requirements to the quality of education on the part of the state, applicants and employers are significantly increased, the competition among universities is becoming more acute, and the economic conditions of the universities are changing. All this raises the problem of finding new sources of increasing the competitiveness of a higher educational institution (HEI). In the documents of international organizations, domestic legislative and regulatory acts on higher education, it is noted that the most important condition for improving the quality of higher education is the competence of the teaching staff. Competences are stable characteristics of the human personality, predetermining the behavior of a person in a variety of situations and work tasks [1]. Modern research shows that recruitment through the competence model leads to an increase in staff efficiency, compared to other selection methods.At present, a multidimensional (holistic) approach to competence is becoming widespread [2], which offers more opportunities for integrating business requirements, human resource management technologies and the educational process. The competence model is the basis for the adoption of any personnel decisions and procedures such as hiring, attestation, office travel, skills development, motivation and payment systems.The current state of the problem does not allow to simulate the optimal trajectory of increasing the competence of personnel within the existing limitations for a particular organization [3]. In this regard, it is important to develop a model support for the assessment process and increase the level of competence of the faculty of the university.At present, when the requirements to the quality of education are significantly increased, there is a need to search for new methods to increase the competence of the teaching staff of educational institutions.Competences that include a body of knowledge, skills, abilities, applied efforts and behavior stereotypes are characteristics that are necessary for a person to succeed, and competence means the person's own competence. Competence is a versatile, diverse and systemic characteristic of the teacher.The current multidimensional approach to competence offers more opportunities for integrating business requirements, human resource management technologies and the educational process. In this regard, it is important to develop a model support for the process of assessing and improving the level of competence of teaching staff. The article considers the task of increasing the level of competence of the personnel of the organization. The approach is based on the technology of developing development management systems (DMS technology), created in the Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The main stages of the DMS technology are considered as applied to the task of increasing the level of competence of the organization, such as a comprehensive assessment of the level of competence of the organization, assessing the po...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.