For non-destructive evaluation of sugar content in fruits, it has been proposed new measurement technique that uses three near infrared diode lasers. The reflectance R i at the wavelength λ i is defined by the ratio of two diffuse light powers reaching the two receiving fibers that were positioned at the different distance from a light emitting fiber. The value γ = ln (R i /R k )/ln (R j /R k ) reaches the value that doesn't approximately depend on optical path length. As a simulation result of γ to a modeled apple, it was found that there are some combinations of three near-infrared wavelengths in which the correlation of γ and the sugar content of fruits raise. We actually evaluated the sugar content of apples by the use of three diode lasers 911nm, 936nm and 1055nm. As a result, it was confirmed that the measurement technique proposed here was usefulness.
in Nagasaki Prefecture, which is almost isolated from the outer sea, is famous for the very low exchange rate of sea water. In the present paper, the authors carry out the tidal flow simulation using the simulation system improved with the automatic control method, and it is discussed that the effect of seabed configuration on the exchange rate of sea water in Omura Bay. At first, it was estimated that the current rate ranges from 0.2 to 0.4%. Secondly, the authors performed the simulation tests with the modified seabed configuration which is cut the sea mount and buried the deep basin, respectively or simultaneously. It was confirmed that there are little changes of tide, the averaged rates become higher than current one and the water mass pattern nearby the bay mouth stretches into the depths of the bay .
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