Superfluid 3 He-B possesses three locally stable vortices known as a normal-core vortex (o-vortex), an A-phase-core vortex (v-vortex), and a double-core vortex (d-vortex). In this work, we study the effects of a magnetic field parallel or perpendicular to the vortex axis on these structures by solving the two-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau equation for two different sets of strong coupling correction. The energies of the v-and d-vortices have nontrivial dependence on the magnetic field. As a longitudinal magnetic field increases, the v-vortex is energetically unstable even for high pressures and the d-vortex becomes energetically most stable for all possible range of pressure. For a transverse magnetic field the energy of the v-vortex becomes lower than that of the d-vortex in the high pressure side. In addition, the orientation of the double cores in the d-vortex prefers to be parallel to the magnetic field at low pressures, while the d-vortex with the double cores perpendicular to the magnetic field is allowed to continuously deform into the v-vortex by increasing the pressure.
Recent experiments revealed a striking asymmetry in the phase diagram of the high temperature cuprate superconductors. The correlation effect seems strong in the hole-doped systems and weak in the electrondoped systems. On the other hand, a recent theoretical study shows that the interaction strengths (the Hubbard U ) are comparable in these systems. Therefore, it is difficult to explain this asymmetry by their interaction strengths. Given this background, we analyze the one-particle spectrum of a single band model of a cuprate superconductor near the Fermi level using the dynamical mean field theory. We find the difference in the "visibility" of the strong correlation effect between the hole-and electron-doped systems. This can explain the electron-hole asymmetry of the correlation strength without introducing the difference in the interaction strength.
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