Summary. Serological variation in 71 oral isolates and three reference strains of Streptococcus milleri was examined. Antisera were raised by immunising rabbits with cells of 10 selected strains, followed by absorption of non-specific antibodies. Double diffusion of the typing sera and the Rantz and Randall extracts of the strains in agar gel demonstrated that 70 strains were divided into 10 serotypes (a-j) on the basis of cell-surface carbohydrate antigens. Only four strains were untypable. The typing scheme proposed depends on type antigens other than the Lancefield group antigens
Cell wall carbohydrate antigen of the serotype g "Streptococcus milleri" was extracted with cold trichloroacetic acid from purified cell walls of the type strain K1K. The extracts were then purified by a DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column, followed by a Sephadex G-100 column. The immunoelectrophoresis revealed that the serotype g carbohydrate antigen preparation displayed a single precipitin band against the crude anti-K1K serum. The purified type g antigen consisted of rhamnose, galactose, glucose and galactosamine in a ratio of 1.3:3.8:1.0:2.5. The quantitative precipitin inhibition test with various haptens indicated that galactosamine is a major immunodeterminant of the type g-specific antigen.
The type-specific antigens of the serotype i and g Streptococcus milleri were extracted with trichloroacetic acid from purified cell wall preparation of the strains K39K and K1K, respectively, and then purified by DEAE-Sephadex A-25 column followed by Sephadex G-100 column. The serotype i-specific antigen was composed of rhamnose, galactose, and glucose in a molar ratio of 1.6: 6.8: 1.0, and the serotype g-specific antigen consisted of rhamnose, galactose, glucose, and galactosam-
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