The movement velocity of the upper limbs is a significant determinant of maximum gait speed, suggesting that the ability to move any region rapidly might be a critical factor in maximum gait speed.
Study design: Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of car transfer (CT) movement in four adult males with C6 tetraplegia. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the normal transfer technique movement from a wheelchair to a car (that is, CT) in subjects with tetraplegia. A better understanding of CT movement is invaluable knowledge for spinal cord injury rehabilitation. This type of knowledge will improve rehabilitation programs so that patients with tetraplegia will have greater societal participation. Setting: School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan. Methods: Four adult males with C6 tetraplegia, an impairment grade of A according to the American Spinal Injury Association guidelines, took part in the study. The subjects used their own wheelchair and car in our assessments of their CT movement technique. Movements were assessed using a three-dimensional video analysis system with six digital video cameras. CT data, which included lateral displacement of the head and buttocks, and angular displacement of neck flexion and trunk forward inclination, were collected and correlation coefficients were calculated.Results: All four subjects demonstrated negative correlations in lateral displacements greater than 0.70. As for correlation coefficients of angular displacement, two subjects demonstrated negative correlations (r¼À0.98 and r¼À0.77) and one subject demonstrated a positive correlation (r¼0.75). The neck flexion and trunk forward inclination strategy was different among the four subjects. Conclusions: Each subject with C6 tetraplegia demonstrated different strategies during CT movement.
Objective: By utilizing "patternizing" standards, this study attempted to obtain objective evaluation index of sit-tostand (STS) movements of children with cerebral palsy (CP). In hopes that this understanding can lead to a standardized and effective physical therapy treatment of CP STS movements. Design: The subjects were 50 children with CP, aged from three years and two months to twelve years and four months, mean age nine years and eleven months. The control group consisted of ten healthy children, aged from four years and five months to eleven years and ten months, mean age seven years and two months. In the analysis, firstly, pictures of the subjects' (CP and control group) STS movements were taken from the side with one digital video camera. Next, these STS movements were classified into two phases (first phase, sitting position to hip off the seat; second phase, hip off the seat to standing position), and the state of the subjects' extremities was evaluated by 15 items. Based on these 15 items, characteristics of STS movements were identified and recorded as YES or NO. Finally, using SPSS (version13), cluster analysis was conducted. Results: The subjects' STS movements were classified into five aggregate groups. Conclusion: From these findings, it was possible to distinguish the characteristics and differences of STS movements in healthy children and CP subjects. Moreover, the CP subjects were also able to be classified into four groups based on their shared characteristics of STS movements.
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