The "Flora of Russia" project on iNaturalist brought together professional scientists and amateur naturalists from all over the country. Over 10,000 people were involved in the data collection. Within 20 months, the participants accumulated 750,143 photo observations of 6,857 species of the Russian flora. This constitutes the largest dataset of open spatial data on the country’s biodiversity and a leading source of data on the current state of the national flora. About 87% of all project data, i.e. 652,285 observations, are available under free licences (CC0, CC-BY, CC-BY-NC) and can be freely used in scientific, educational and environmental activities.
Genetic studies of diff erent geographical origin of apricot varieties contribute to the accumulation of information about distribution and cultivation history of this crop. Valuable material in such studies is the local autochthonous germplasm. The local Dagestan varieties can be included to representatives of the autochthonous germplasm of apricot. Genetic studies of the Dagestan germplasm will allow to evaluate its contribution in world apricot gene pool, as well as to determine its place among varieties with diff erent eco-geographical origin. Six SSR- markers previously elaborated on Siberian apricots were used in the genotyping of 12 apricot varieties. Much of the selected varieties were represented by local Dagestan forms. Microsatellite markers used in this study allowed to separate all varieties selected for work as genotypes with specifi c SSR profi les. The polymorphism level, expressed in the number of alleles per locus, had high values, based on the analysis of studies previously conducted in the world. In this regard, we can conclude that the involved SSR markers can be used in further studies aimed at analyzing the genetic diversity of the studied culture. In this study, clustering apricot varieties was used to determine related groups of varieties, based on the data SSR-genotyping. For cluster analysis the neighbor joining (NJ) method was used. The clustering of the samples carried out in the work, allowed us to reveal the intermediate position of Dagestan varieties relative to varieties of diff erent eco-geographical origin. To confi rm the obtained results, the PCoA main coordinates method which refl ecting the relationship of genotyped samples on the coordinate plane was additionally used. The patterns of samples distribution on the plot of coordinates revealed by PCoA generally corresponded to the clustering data using the neighbor joining (NJ). The study made it possible to evaluate the eff ectiveness of the SSR-markers used in the work for the genotyping of apricot varieties and to obtain information on the genetic relatedness of the local Dagestan varieties relative to other eco-geographical groups of varieties.
The "Flora of Russia" project on iNaturalist brought together professional scientists and amateur naturalists from all over the country. Over 10,000 people are involved in the data collection. Within 20 months the participants accumulated over 750,000 photo observations of 6,853 species of the Russian flora. This constitutes the largest dataset of open spatial data on the country’s biodiversity and a leading source of data on the current state of the national flora. About 85% of all project data are available under free licenses (CC0, CC-BY, CC-BY-NC) and can be freely used in scientific, educational and environmental activities.
Aim. The paper presents the results of assessment of the indigenous nature and degree of similarity of apricot cultivars growing in the collection of the Mountain Botanical Garden, Gunib, Dagestan, Russia based on a comparative analysis of the variability of leaf morphological characteristics. Material and Methods. The material assessed consisted of 33 apricot cultivars of various ecological and geographical origins aggregated in the following groups: (a) Dagestan – traditional cultivars; (b) Moscow ‐ selection from the Tsytsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences based on wild forms of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; (c) European and (d) Asian ‐ from Central Asia, Tajikistan, China and Altai. Results. The closeness of Dagestan and European varieties in comparison with Asian and Moscow varieties was shown. Most Dagestan (16 of 19) and European varieties have round‐shaped leaves (leaf shape index 80‐ 100%), while those from Asia and the Moscow Botanical Garden have leaves which are elongated elliptical and oval (60‐80%). Using the method of principal component analysis (PCA), it was established that most cultivars of Dagestan origin have similar leaf shapes and sizes, of which Tlama kurak (wide‐round), Hekobarsh (elongated) were distinguished by leaf shape and Esdelik by leaf size. Conclusion. Based on a discriminant analysis (Squared Mahalanobis Distances), it was found that the indices of indicators of leaf attributes (width/length of leaf lamina; petiole length/length of lamina; apex angle/corner of leaf base) are more reliable criteria for differentiating apricot varieties into ecological and geographical groups than their morphological characteristics.
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