Yang, R, Shen, X, Wang, Y, Voisin, S, Cai, G, Fu, Y, Xu, W, Eynon, N, Bishop, DJ, and Yan, X. ACTN3 R577X gene variant is associated with muscle-related phenotypes in elite Chinese sprint/power athletes. J Strength Cond Res 31(4): 1107-1115, 2017-The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism (rs1815739) has been shown to influence athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of this polymorphism in elite Chinese track and field athletes, and to explore its effects on athletes' level of competition and lower-extremity power. We compared the ACTN3 R577X genotypes and allele frequencies in 59 elite sprint/power athletes, 44 elite endurance athletes, and 50 healthy controls from Chinese Han origin. We then subcategorized the athletes into international level and national level and investigated the effects of ACTN3 genotype on lower-extremity power. Genotype distribution of the sprint/power athletes was significantly different from endurance athletes (p = 0.001) and controls (p < 0.001). The frequency of the RR genotype was significantly higher in international-level than that in the national-level sprint/power athletes (p = 0.004), with no international-level sprint/power athletes with XX genotype. The best standing long jump and standing vertical jump results of sprint/power athletes were better in the RR than those in the RX + XX genotypes (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism influences the level of competition and lower-extremity power of elite Chinese sprint/power athletes. Including relevant phenotypes such as muscle performance in future studies is important to further understand the effects of gene variants on elite athletic performance.
The steady and healthy development of the sports industry can promote regional sustainable development. In order to explore the coordination situation and driving factors between the sports industry and regional sustainable development, this article builds a coupling coordination evaluation index system and dynamic factor index system for the sports industry and regional sustainable development. Using the entropy method, coupling coordination model and random effect model, this article analyzes the comprehensive level, coupling coordination relationship and driving factors of the sports industry and regional sustainable development in eleven provinces and cities in eastern China, from 2013 to 2017. The results show that the comprehensive level of the sports industry and regional sustainable development in eastern China is showing a steady growth trend, and the sports industry is growing faster than regional sustainable development. The degree of coupling coordination among provinces and cities has increased significantly, but the spillover effects of coupling coordination in each region are not obvious. The level of overall coupling coordination is primary coordination; regional innovation, industrial structure upgrade, and human capital can promote the improvement of coupling coordination. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen cross-regional cooperation, build a cross-regional “sports+” industry group, give play to the “sports +” spillover effect, create a coupling platform for the sports industry and regional sustainable development, release the superimposed effect of multiple driving factors, and facilitate the evolution of coupling coordination to higher levels.
In order to study the present situation regarding SO2 emissions in China, problems are identified and countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. This paper analyzes spatial correlation, influencing factors and regulatory tools of air pollution in 30 provinces on the Chinese mainland from 2006–2015. The results of exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) show that SO2 emissions have obvious positive spatial correlations, and atmospheric pollution in China shows obvious spatial overflow effects and spatial agglomeration characteristics. On this basis, the present study analyzes the impact of seven socioeconomical (SE) factors and seven policy tools on air pollution by constructing a STIRPAT model and a spatial econometric model. We found that population pressure, affluence, energy consumption (EC), industrial development level (ID), urbanization level (UL) and the degree of marketization can significantly promote the increase of SO2 emissions, but technology and governmental supervision of the environment have significant inhibitory effects. The reason why China’s air pollution is curbed at present is because the government has adopted a large number of powerful command-controlled supervision measures, to a large extent. Air pollution treatment is like a government-led “political movement”. The effect of the market is relatively weak and public force has not been effectively exerted. In the future, a comprehensive use of a variety of regulation tools is needed, as well as encouraging the public to participate, strengthening the supervision of third parties and building a diversified and all-encompassing supervision mechanism.
Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2008 to 2017, this paper empirically analyzes the current situation of the development of China’s sports industry and the impact of the concentration of sports industry on green economic growth by using the exploratory spatial data analysis method (ESDA), static panel model and dynamic panel model. The empirical results show that the sports industry in the southeast coastal provinces of China has a good foundation for concentration. The sports industry concentration in the provinces along the Yangtze River Economic Belt is in the stage of rapid development. The development of sports industry concentration has obvious positive spatial aggregation characteristics, and the spatial spillover effect is obvious; The concentration of sports industry has a significant influence on green economic growth, which expresses the “inverted U-type” relationship. There are significant differences in influence between regions, which show the greatest influence in the middle, followed by the east and the smallest in the west.
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