Low demand of duck meat is influenced by its quality. Generally, ducks slaughtered at 8 weeks have low carcass quality. Slaughter age is expected to influence carcass quality. Therefore, the study of carcass quality in different slaughter ages (8, 10, and 12 weeks) is needed. This research used 32 males and 18 females cihateup-alabio (CA) ducks. Ducks were grouped by hatching period. The experiment design was randomized block factorial (3x2). Treatments were slaughter age and sex. Traits measured were slaughter weight, percentage of carcass and its parts, physical and sensory quality of duck carcass. The result showed that interaction of slaughter age and sex affect slaughter weight. The higher slaughter age resulted higher breast and abdominal fat percentage, but had smaller thigh percentage. Sex had no effect on carcass percentage and its parts. Higher slaughter age and male sex showed better phisycal carcass quality. Differences in slaughter age and sex had no effect on panelist preference. This research concluded that higher slaughter age produces better carcass percentage and quality.

Local ducks in Indonesia such as alabio duck and cihateup duck have advantages as egg producer and meat producer. Efforts is needed to increase the population of ducks by doing hatching. This research is to learn the hatchability of alabio duck and cihateup duck and identify of the factors that can be affected hatching duck eggs. Eggs ducks used 200 grains eggs ducks cihateup and eggs ducks alabio 300 grains. The process of hatching the egg ducks held for 28 days. The percentage fertility and hatchability results duck eggs alabio higher than cihateup duck eggs. Death embryonic the biggest occurred on the day to 26-28 days. Greater egg weights produce larger DOD. Weight of eggs and duck eggs index has no effect on hatchability but which affect hatchability of duck eggs in this study is high temperature during incubation, lower humidity during the period hatcher and egg hygiene. Alabio duck egg weight is lighter than duck eggs cihateup and more oval shaped while cihateup duck eggs more rounded shape. Weight egg and index egg on two types of eggs uniforms.

Air flow distribution, temperature, and humidity in the cage will differ from the inlet to the outlet. Microclimate difference in the cage at the inlet to the outlet can affect the production and quality of the eggs produced. The purpose of this research was to study the performance of laying hens on different location of cage (inlet, middle and outlet) in closed house system. In total 36 Lohmann hens were placed in each treatment including cage inlet, middle, and outlet. Traits measured were productive performance (hen day performance and egg weight) and egg qualities (haugh unit and egg shell thickness). The data were be analyzed using anova, tukey test, pearson correlation coefficient and completely randomized design. Result showed that here was very significant different on different location cage between temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity. Cage inlet resulted better performance of laying hens compared to the middle and outlet cage.

The objective of this research was to study the effect of restricted feeding on muscovy duck performance's in grower period, the development of reproduction organ, puberty characteristic, egg production, and blood lavel of cholesterol and trigliseride. Total 32 of female muscovy duck , 8-22 weeks age ware evaluated in this research. A completely randomized design with 3 level treatments were used to arrange the treatments. The treatments of restricted feeding were ad libitum consumption (P1); 70% ad libitum (P2) and 40 % ad libitum (P3). The diet contain 22% crude protein (0-3 weeks age), 18% crude protein (4-7 weeks age), and 14% crude protein (8-22 weeks age). The parameters observed were: performance's in grower period (feed consumption, body weight, total daily gain), puberty characteristic (puberty age, body weight on puberty, first egg weight), egg production on first cycle, the development of reproduction organ, and blood lavel of cholesterol and trigliseride. The results showed that body weight of muscovy duck P2 and P3 lower then P1. The restricted feeding could delayed development of folicle ovary and age puberty. The blood level of cholesterol's muscovy duck P2 and P3 lower then moscovy duck P1.

Abstract. Suhartati L, Khaerunnisa L, Gunawan A, Rukmiasih, Darwati S, Sumantri C, Rizqan. 2020. Short Communication: Identification of the exon 1 myostatin gene polymorphism and its association with slaughtered weight in Indonesian Kampung and Broiler Chicken. Biodiversitas 21: 3893-3897.  Myostatin is widely known as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development by controlling hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Silent mutation in exon 1 (c.234G>A) was then thought to be associated with chicken growth performances. This study was designed to analyze polymorphisms of c.234G>A mutation of the myostatin gene and its effect on slaughtered weight in Indonesian Kampung and meat-type chicken. The SatI restriction enzyme was used for genotype determination through the PCR-RFLP technique. The effect of genotype on the slaughtered weight was analyzed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedure. Genotyping was performed on 138 chicken from Kampung (n=67) and meat type (cobb Broiler) (n=71) chicken. The amplification product contained 226 bp nucleotides. This myostatin gene was polymorphic in both chicken population, produced 2 alleles (G and A), and 3 genotypes (GG, GA, and AA). The A allele had a higher frequency than the G allele in all populations. In this study, genotype of AA and GA had higher live weight, carcass weight, breast weight, thigh weight, drumsticks weight, wings weight, breast muscle weight, thighs muscle weight, drumsticks muscle weight than GG genotype of 12 weeks-old Kampung chicken. The results suggested that the c.234G>A mutation in exon 1 could be potentially recommended as a genetic marker for chicken slaughtered weight traits.

The aim of this study was to identifypolymorphism and association of the FMO3 gene related to carcass and meat quality in Indonesian Cihateup ducks. A total of sixty Indonesian Cihateup ducks were used in this study. Tissues from breast muscleswas used for genomic DNA. Association analysis showed that the SNP g.849A>G was highly significantly associated (P<0.01) with live weight (LW), carcass weight (CW), breast muscle weight  (BMW), pH, cooking loss, drip loss (DL), lightness (L*) and redness (a*), TBARS and TMA. Compared to the GG genotype, the AG genotype exhibited greater levels (P < 0.05) LW, CW, pH, a*, TBARS and TMA but not DL and L*.  These results will improve the understanding of the functions of the FMO3 gene in carcass and meat quality within the liver and will shed light on FMO3 as a candidate gene in the selection of ducks with good carcass and meat quality traits

Duck meat is not preferred because its off-odor. Its off-odor is caused by lipid oxidation which preventable by antioxidant. Beluntas has antioxidant and anti nutrition. This research was designed to know the level of beluntas and feeding duration on performance, chemical, and duck's meat offodor. Beluntas was given to 108 culling ducks, about 12 months old. The research used a completely randomized design with 3 x 3 factorial models, with 3 replicates. The factors were diff erent levels of beluntas (0%, 1%, and 2%) in the ration, and feeding duration of each ration (3, 5, and 7 weeks). The data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance and Tukey's test. The results showed that no interaction was found between the two factors. Beluntas did not aff ect duck's performance. Feeding duration of each ration aff ected the fat and fa y acid content (P<0.01) and TBARS (thiobarbituric reactive subtances) value of the meat with skin (P<0.05). Beluntas level at 1% increased C18:0 (P<0.05) and total (C18:2 and C18:3) (P<0.052). Beluntas levels at 1% and 2% reduced (P<0.01) duck's meat off-odor and increased (P<0.05) consumers preference. This research concluded that the inclusion of 1% beluntas for 3 weeks was eff ective to reduce duck's meat off-odor without negative impact on performance.

The aim of this research was to study the effects of curcumin administration, injection of PMSG hormone, and the combination of curcumin supplementation and PMSG injection on the physiological parameters and performance of female Muscovy ducks. The objects of this research were 40 young female Muscovy ducks, aged 24 weeks, subjected to treatments: control (P1), curcumin supplementation at a dose of 24 mg/100 g feed (P2), intramuscular injection of PMSG hormone at a dose of 0.015 mL/hen (P3), and the combination of curcumin and PMSG (P4). The results showed that the treatment gave nonsignificant improvements in Muscovy duck performances, including feed consumption, egg production, and the day of laying period and molting period. Treatment gave a significant increase in serum estradiol concentration at molting period after treatment. This study concluded that the treatment provides no significant improvement in the performance of female Muscovy ducks because the genetic diversity of Indonesian ducks remains high.