Background Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe inflammatory disease characterized by widespread and superficial sterile pustules on an erythematous background. Objectives This multicentre study aimed to determine the clinical profile and course in a large cohort of patients with GPP. Methods One hundred and fifty‐six GPP patients (mean age, 44.2 ± 18.7 years) who met the diagnostic criteria of the European Consensus Report of GPP were included in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, quality of life, triggering factors of the disease, clinical, laboratory, treatment and prognostic features were evaluated. Results 61.5% of the patients were female. The rate of working at or below the minimum wage (≤$332.5/month) was 44.9%. Drugs (36.5%) were the most common trigger. While hypocalcaemia (35.7%) was the most important cause of GPP during pregnancy, systemic steroid withdrawal (20%) was the most frequently reported trigger for infantile/juvenile and mixed‐type GPP (15%) (P < 0.05). Acute GPP (53.8%) was the most common clinic. Nails were affected in 43.6% of patients, and subungual yellow spots (28.2%) were the most common change. In annular GPP, fever (P < 0.001) and relapse frequency (P = 0.006) were lower than other subtypes, and the number of hospitalizations (P = 0.002) was lower than acute GPP. GPP appeared at a later age in those with a history of psoriasis (P = 0.045). DLQI score (P = 0.049) and joint involvement (P = 0.016) were also higher in this group. Infantile/juvenile GPP was observed in 16.02% of all patients, and arthritis was lower in this group (24.4 vs. 16%). GPP of pregnancy had the worst prognosis due to abortion observed in three patients. Conclusions Recent advances in treatment have improved mortality associated with GPP, but abortion remains a significant complication. Although TNF‐α inhibitors have proven efficacy in GPP, they can also trigger the disease. Mixed‐type GPP is more similar to acute GPP than annular GPP with systemic manifestations and course.

<b>Introduction</b>: Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. One of the components of metabolic syndrome is inflammation, and many inflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate metabolic syndrome and to evaluate the relationship between the parameters of the disease and disease severity in patients with seborrheic dermatitis. <br /> <b>Material and methods</b>: Forty-seven patients with seborrheic dermatitis and 36 healthy controls were included in the study. The parameters of metabolic syndrome were recorded in both groups. In the patient group, disease severity was determined with the seborrheic dermatitis area and severity index (SDASI). All the venous blood samples were taken at 8 a.m. after 10 h of fasting. <br /> <b>Results</b>: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in the patient group were statistically significantly lower than in the controls. There was no significant difference between groups according to other parameters. In terms of history of metabolic disease in first degree relatives (diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and dyslipidaemia), 78.7% of those in the patient group (n = 37) and 55.6% of those in the control group (n = 20) had a history of metabolic disease in their families, and the difference between the patient and control groups was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between disease severity and plasma HDL levels (p = 0.033, r = –0.312). <br /> <b>Conclusions</b>: The presence of seborrheic dermatitis may be a predictive factor for metabolic syndrome.

Objective Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic inflammatory disease. The etiology of the disease is still unknown. The systemic immune‐inflammation index (SII), red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), C‐reactive protein (CRP), monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have all been reported as inflammatory markers in recent studies. However, these inflammatory markers have not been explored in SD patients. This study aimed to explore inflammatory and hematological parameters in SD patients with healthy controls (HCs) and evaluate their possible relationship with disease severity. Materials and Methods One hundred patients who presented to our hospital were diagnosed with SD and 74 HCs were retrospectively included in our study. The seborrheic dermatitis area severity index (SDASI) score was used to assess the severity of the SD. Results The patient group's mean PLR, MPV ve CRP levels were statistically significantly higher than the HCs (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the patients compared with the control group regarding RDW, NLR, MHR, and SII levels (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation between NLR, PLR, MPV, monocyte/HDL cholesterol, SII levels with age, and SDASI in the patient group. There was a significant correlation between CRP with age and RDW with SDASI score. Conclusion Hematological parameters and CRP are low‐cost tests. These tests can be used to define inflammation levels in inflammatory diseases. This study shows that PLR, CRP, and MPV may be used as novel inflammatory markers in SD.

Summary Background Palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) is a rare, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by sterile pustules on palmar or plantar areas. Data on PPP are scarce. Aim To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for disease severity in a large cohort of Turkish patients with PPP. Methods We conducted a cross‐sectional, multicentre study of patients with PPP recruited from 21 tertiary centres across Turkey. Results In total, 263 patients (165 women, 98 men) were evaluated. Most patients (75.6%) were former or current smokers. The mean Palmoplantar Pustulosis Area and Severity Index (PPPASI) was 8.70 ± 8.06 and the mean Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score was 6.87 ± 6.08, and these scores were significantly correlated (r = 0.52, P < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that current smoking was significantly associated with increased PPPASI (P = 0.03). Coexisting psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) was reported by 70 (26.6%) patients. Male sex prevalence, PPP onset incidence, disease duration, DLQI, and prevalence of nail involvement and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) were significantly increased among patients with PPP with PsV. Of the 263 patients, 18 (6.8%) had paradoxical PPP induced by biologic therapy, and these patients had significantly increased mean DLQI and prevalence of PsA (r = 0.03, P = 0.001). Conclusion Our data suggest that smoking is a risk factor for both PPP development and disease severity. Patients with PPP with PsV present distinct clinical features and patients with biologic therapy‐induced paradoxical PPP have reduced quality of life and are more likely to have PsA.

The skin is the largest organ of the body and acts as a defensive barrier against microorganismal, chemical, and physical attack while protecting homeostasis of the internal environment. Disruption of this barrier plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some dermatoses and sensitive skin. Sensitive skin (cosmetic intolerance syndrome) is a widespread dermatological problem and is used as a universal language in the field of cosmetology. The global prevalence of sensitive skin is around 60%-70% in females and 50%-60% in males. [1][2][3] Sensitive skin is defined as the emergence of unpleasant sensations (stinging, burning, pain, itching, and tingling sensation) in

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BPbullous pemphigoid BPDAI Bullous Pemphigoid Disease Area Index CLEIA chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay DIF direct immunofluorescence Dsg1 Desmoglein 1 Dsg3 Desmoglein 3 EBA epidermolysis bullosa acquisita ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay IIF indirect immunofluorescence LAD linear IgA dermatosis LPP lichen planus pemphigoides MMP mucous membrane pemphigoid NUTS-1 nomenclature of units for territorial statistics level 1 PD pemphigoid diseases PG pemphigoid gestationis

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