Samaria-doped ceria Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2−δ (SDC) and SmFe 0.7 Cu 0.3−x Ni x O 3 have been synthesized by the sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical synthesis of ammonia was investigated at atmospheric pressure and low temperature, using the SFCN materials as the cathode, a Nafion membrane as the electrolyte, nickel-doped SDC (Ni-SDC) as the anode and silver-platinum paste as the current collector. Ammonia was synthesized from 25 to 100℃ when the SFCN materials were used as cathode, with SmFe 0.7 Cu 0.1 Ni 0.2 O 3 giving the highest rates of ammonia formation. The maximum rate of evolution of ammonia was 1.13 × 10 −8 mol·cm −2 ·s −1 at 80℃, and the current efficiency reached as high as 90.4%. electrochemical synthesis of ammonia, ammonia synthesis at atmospheric pressure and low temperature, Nafion membrane, metal oxide

No abstract

No abstract

Polysulfone (PSF) and sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) were synthesized and characterized by IR spectrum. Sm 1.5 Sr 0.5 NiO 4 (SSN) and Ni-Ce 0.8 Sm 0.2 O 2-δ (Ni-SDC, Ni-samarium doped ceria) were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ammonia was synthesized from wet hydrogen and dry nitrogen with applied voltage, using SSN as cathode, Ni-SDC as anode, Nafion and SPSF as proton membrane respectively. The performances of Nafion and SPSF membranes in ammonia synthesis were investigated and compared at atmospheric pressure and low temperature (25-100 ℃). The results demonstrated that the proton conducting performances of Nafion and SPSF membranes were similar and the highest rates of evolution of ammonia were up to 1.05×10 -8 and 1.03×10 -8 mol•cm -2 •s -1 respectively at 80 and 2.5 ℃ V.

BACKGROUND Picolinate/picolinic acid compounds are an important class of synthetic auxin herbicides. To explore the herbicidal activity of 6‐pyrazolyl picolinate compounds, a series of 3‐chloro‐6‐pyrazolyl‐picolinate derivatives was designed and synthesized. RESULTS Twenty‐five 3‐chloro‐6‐pyrazolyl‐picolinate derivatives synthesized were tested for herbicidal activity and the IC50 value of compound c5 to the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana root was 27 times lower than that of the commercial herbicide clopyralid. Compound c5 displayed better post‐emergence herbicidal activity and broader (Picloram, Clopyralid, Aminopyralid) herbicidal spectrum at a dosage of 400 g ha−1 in comparison with clopyralid; it also was safe to wheat and maize at this dosage. Arabidopsis thaliana phenotypes and expression of auxin‐response genes demonstrated that compound c5 might be a novel auxin‐type herbicide. Molecular docking analyses revealed that compound c5 had stronger binding ability to receptor AFB5 (auxin signaling F‐box protein 5) than clopyralid. CONCLUSION These 6‐pyrazolyl picolinate compounds could be used as potential lead structures for the discovery of a novel synthetic auxin herbicide. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract